Term
| What starts to rapidly grow in the 4th week? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is sandwiched in-between the heart and brain during the 4th week? |
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Definition
| oropharyngeal membrane(buccopharyngeal) |
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Term
| What does the oropharyngeal membrane line? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does the oropharyngeal membrane separate? |
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Definition
| the future oral cavity from the future pharynx |
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Term
| What is the mesoderm developing in the 4th week? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the ectoderm developing in the 4th week? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the endoderm developing in the 4th week? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens at the end of the 4th week? |
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Definition
| the oropharyngeal membrane ruptures, making the stomodeum continuous with the pharynx |
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Term
| Which area of the face develops faster? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the face develop? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure is located above the stomodeum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the frontonasal process give rise to? (5) |
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Definition
| the upper face, eyes, nose, primary palate, internal ear |
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Term
| What do the globular processes form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What develops below the stomodeum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the neck develop from? |
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Definition
| the primitive pharynx and branchial appartus |
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Term
| What all is included in the brachial apparatus? (4) |
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Definition
1.branchial arches
2.branchial grooves
3.branchial membranes
4.pharyngeal pouches |
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Term
| How many brachial arches are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the frontal nasal process and where is it located? |
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Definition
| a bulge of tissue located in the most cephallic end of the embryo |
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Term
| What is on the outer surface of the frontalnasal process? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| specialized thickened ectoderm that develop into sense organs |
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Term
| What do lens placodes form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do otic placodes form? |
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Definition
| pits that become the inner ear |
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Term
| What do nasal placodes form? |
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Definition
| pits that form the nasal cavity |
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Term
| During the 4th week what happens to the nasal placodes? |
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Definition
| the center submerge forming nasal pits |
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Term
| Where do nasal pits deepen towards? |
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Definition
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Term
| What separates the nasal pits from the stomodeum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What eventually happens to the oronasal membrane? |
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Definition
| it disintegrates leaving the oral and nasal cavities in communication |
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Term
| What does the outer nose develop from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the swellings between the nasal pits called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the median nasal processes form? |
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Definition
| will grow and fuse to form the middle portion of the nose from root to philtrum |
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Term
| What are the 2 swellings on the outer portion of the nasal pits called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the lateral nasal processes eventually form? |
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Definition
| grow and fuse to for the alae of the nose |
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Term
| Whatwill the medial nasal processes do besides fuse? What does this form? |
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Definition
| the will grow internally and inferiorly into the stomodeum, this forms the intermaxillary segment |
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Term
| What is the intermaxillary segment involved in forming? |
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Definition
| nasal septum, anterior portion of the palate, maxillary incisors |
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Term
| What is another term used for branchial arches? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the branchial arches? |
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Definition
| 6 pairs of U-shaped bars of tissue inferior to the stomodeum |
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Term
| What are branchial arches formed by? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the tissues that make up the branchial arches? |
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Definition
| covered with ectoderm, lined with endoderm , core of mesenchyme(mesoderm) |
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Term
| How are the branchial arches oriented? |
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Definition
| anterior-posterior so they bend to surround and support the pharynx |
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Term
| What does each arch contain? |
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Definition
1.developing cartilage
2.nerve
3.vascular components or muscle
**ALL within the mesenchymal core ** |
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Term
| What do the first 2 arches develop? |
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Definition
| develop the greatest, involved in the formation of the face |
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Term
| What do the lower 4 arches develop? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is special about the 5th arch? |
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Definition
| can be rudimentary, absent, or included with the 4th |
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Term
| What is the 1st arch called? What is it formed by? |
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Definition
| mandibular arch, formed by the fusion of the 2 mandibular processes in the 4th week |
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Term
| Where is the mandibular(1st) arch located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What all does the mandibular arch include? |
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Definition
1.meckel's cartilage
2.muscles
3.trigeminal nerve |
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Term
| What does meckel's cartilage do? Where is it located? |
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Definition
| loacted in the mandibular(1st arch), contributes to the formation of the mandible and middle ear bones |
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Term
| What muscles are found in the mandibular(1st arch)? (4) |
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Definition
1.muscles of mastication
2.suprahyoid muscles
3.the tongue
4.some palatal muscles |
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Term
| What nerve is found in the mandibular(1st) arch? |
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Definition
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Term
| What serves as a template for the mandible? |
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Definition
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Term
| What also happens to the mandibular arch in the 4th week? How do they grow? |
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Definition
| swellings develop from it bilateral to the stomodeum, superior and anterior |
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Term
| What are these swellings of the mandibular arch called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the maxillary processes use with to form? |
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Definition
| fuse with globular process of the frontonasal process to form the upper lip, cheeks, zygomatic bones, secondary plate, posterior portion of the maxilla(along with associated teeth and tissues) |
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Term
| When is the formation of the upper lip completed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes a cleft lip? When does this occur? |
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Definition
| in the 4th-7th weeks, failure of fusion of the maxillary processes with globular processes of the medial nasal process |
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Term
| What are some variations of cleft lip?(2) |
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Definition
1.unilateral, bilateral
2.incomplete or complete |
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Term
| What is the second branchial arch calleD? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hype of cartilage does the hyoid arch contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Reichert's cartilage responsible for? (3) |
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Definition
1.bones of the middle ear
2.part of temporal bone
3.part of hyoid bone |
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Term
| What types of muscles are in the hyoid(2nd) arch? |
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Definition
| muscles of facial expression, suprahyoid muscle, tongue |
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Term
| What nerve is the hyoid(2nd) arch responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the other branchial arches called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do they other branchial arches comtribute to? (4) |
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Definition
1.formation of hyoid bone
2.laryngeal cartilage
3.pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
4.the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves(CN IX and X) |
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Term
| Where are the branchial grooves located? |
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Definition
| between the branchial arches |
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Term
| Do they all stay throughout development? |
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Definition
| no, only the first branchial groove remains |
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Term
| What is the first branchial groove? |
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Definition
| tympanic membrane(eardrum) |
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Term
| How does the branchial groove grow? |
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Definition
| deeper until the ectoderm contacts the pharyngeal pouch's endoderm |
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Term
| What does this groove eventually form? |
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Definition
| the external auditory meatus |
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Term
| What happens to the other grooves? What does this result in? |
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Definition
| they obliterate as the hyoid arch grows inferiorly, this results in a smooth neck |
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Term
| How many pharyngeal pouches are there and where do they form? |
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Definition
| there are 4 that form between the branchial arches |
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Term
| Where does the first pouch form, what does it become? |
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Definition
| between the 1st and second arches, becomes the auditory tube |
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Term
| What does the second pouch form? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the 3rd and 4th pouches form? |
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Definition
| the thymus and parathyroid glands |
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Term
| What happens when branchial grooves do not become obilerated? |
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Definition
| developmental disorders occasionally, and cysts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pharynx lined with? What does it join together? |
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Definition
| endoderm, joins the stomodeum and esophagus |
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Term
| What does the outgrowth of the pharynx form? |
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Definition
| the larynx, trachea, and thyroid gland |
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Term
| Where does the pharynx end? |
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Definition
| in the superior portion of the lungs |
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Term
| What do the globular processes become? |
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Definition
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