Term
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Definition
| sexual intercourse (that entails marriage) when one is married to another |
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Term
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Definition
| applies to children under 14 in most states |
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Term
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Definition
| sex knowing that your partner is closer than a first cousin |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure of genitalia to shock the sensibility; no need to prove intent; age of offender can be a factor |
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Term
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Definition
| sex for money; can also involve human trafficking |
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Term
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Definition
| oral/anal copulation; also chargeable if with any animal; Missouri provides marriage as a defense |
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Term
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Definition
| primary determination is sexual topic |
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Term
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Definition
| spying on the sexual acts of another; generally only chargeable if offender is on private property |
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Term
| Primary non-assaultive sexual offenses |
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Definition
| Bigamy, child molestation, incest, indecent exposure, prostitution, sodomy, obscene phone calls, voyeurism |
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Term
| Elements of forcible rape |
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Definition
| an act of sexual intercourse; with a person other than a spouse (old version); committed without the victim’s consent; against the will and by force. |
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Term
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Definition
| having sex with someone under the age of consent(18 in most states); under 14 constitutes an aggravating element. Missouri provides a defense if minor is a spouse. |
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Term
| General categories of rapists |
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Definition
| Those known to the victim; repeat sexual offenders |
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Term
| Ways to determine M.O. of rapists |
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Definition
| Type of offense; words spoken; use of a weapon; method of attack; time of day; type of location; age of victim |
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Term
| Initial response to rape/sexual assault |
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Definition
| The training of the officer is more important than gender: attitude should be empathetic, understanding professionalism. Announce and identify yourself upon arrival. Render the scene safe – ensure the suspect is gone and everything is under control. Determine if the victim needs medical help; if so, call an ambulance and accompany the victim for information and evidence. If not, continue investigation at the scene. Try to obtain suspect description for APB. Explain all aspects of actions before doing them: need for highly specific questions, photos of appearance and injuries, victim’s clothing. Secure evidence: get statements, physical evidence (full crime scene workup), and hospital rape examination (reports, evidence swabs). |
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Term
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Definition
| Be empathetic; treat victim with respect; remember they are traumatized; respect the courage it takes to make a report; use appropriate location and body language; do not imply that report may be false; conduct interview privately if at all possible, and caution if they want someone; in follow-up work, determine personal habits and patterns; determine if victim resisted and how with great care and finesse |
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Term
| How do you determine a rapist's motivation? |
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Definition
| Analyze physical, verbal, and sexual behavior |
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Term
| Methods to approach a rape victim |
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Definition
| Conning, blitzing, surprising a sleeping victim |
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Term
| Methods of maintaing control over the rape victim |
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Definition
| mere presence; verbal threats; display of weapon; use of physical force |
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Term
| Degrees of physical force in rape |
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Definition
| minimal (slapping); moderate (hitting); excessive (repeated blows leaving wounds); brutal (sadistic torture) |
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Term
| Indicators of rapist's experience level |
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Definition
| cutting phone lines; escape plan; disguise; making efforts to keep victim from IDing him; taking items from the scene |
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Term
| Concluding interview of rape victim |
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Definition
| provide info on victim assistance; arrange support if needed; explain how case will proceed; provide contact numbers; do NOT recommend abortion |
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Term
| Problems with rape investigation |
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Definition
| need to work with other agencies (hospitals, other PDs, victim advocacy/aid groups); victim reaction (hysterical, overly calm, uncooperative); difficulties in prosecution (slow process, need for very strong evidence) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1994: required states to register convicted child molesters/sexually violent offenders |
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Term
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Definition
| 1996: required states to publicly release information on sex offenders |
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Term
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Definition
| required FBI to establish a central database of sex offenders |
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Term
| Major categories of crimes against children |
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Definition
| Kidnapping; abandonment; neglect; exploitation; child pornography; child prostitution; physical, emotional and sexual abuse |
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Term
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Definition
| incest; statutory rape; sexual seduction; indecent exposure; lewdness; molestation |
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Term
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Definition
| fabricating an illness for attention |
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Term
| Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy |
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Definition
| making someone else sick by intention |
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Term
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Definition
| unexplained, prolonged rare illness; repeated hospitalizations/evaluations but no diagnosis; inappropriate symptoms; symptoms that disappear away from parent; mothers who are unconcerned/overly clingy/too comfortable in the hospital; families with rare illnesses or SIDS; mothers with medical experience or whose medical history is similar to the child's; parents who welcome painful tests, are uneasy as child recovers, or attempt to convince staff that child is more ill than he appears. |
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Term
| Problems in investigating crimes against children |
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Definition
| need to protect child from further harm; possibility of parental involvement; difficulty in interviewing children (attention span, speech problems); potential need to involve other agencies; initial source of report usually from a third party; effects on investigator over time; outside pressures from media/advocacy groups |
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Term
| Physical indicators of physical abuse |
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Definition
| bruising, welts, fractures, various stages of wound healing |
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Term
| Behavioral indicators of physical abuse |
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Definition
| apprehension, wariness, fear of going home |
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Term
| Parental indicators of physical abuse |
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Definition
| unreasonably harsh punishments, contradictory expectations |
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Term
| Physical indicators of sexual abuse |
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Definition
| rare, but VD and pregnancy are possible |
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Term
| Behavioral indicators of sexual abuse |
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Definition
| unwillingness to change clothing; fantasy/infantile behavior; bizarre sexual behavior; sexual oversophistication; poor peer relationships |
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Term
| Parental indicators of sexual abuse |
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Definition
| jealousy, over-protectiveness |
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Term
| Suspects in crimes against children |
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Definition
| misoped (hates and seeks to destroy children); hebophile (highschool-age victims); pedophile (pre-pubescent victims - rarely uses force, usually collects child porn & keeps photos/diaries) |
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Term
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Definition
| Solo sex ring (one adult, circle of victims); transitional (trading of pictures, then children); syndicated (organized crime); cults (ex: Branch Davidians) |
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Term
| Major characteristics of robbery perpetrators |
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Definition
| overwhelmingly male; if armed, usually with a gun; usually serial offenders |
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Term
| Major characteristics of robbery |
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Definition
| bank robberies least common; street robberies most common |
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Term
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Definition
| wrongful taking of personal property; from a person or in his presence; against the will by force or threat of force |
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Term
| Classifications of robbery |
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Definition
| Residential (intention to confront, so not burglary); commercial; bank; street (AKA mugging); vehicle (person in the car is the target); carjacking (auto theft while vehicle is occupied) |
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Term
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Definition
| rarely reported till robber has fled; difficult to obtain good descriptions; usually currency stolen, so hard to ID; high potential for violence if things go wrong; amateurs more dangerous than professionals; potential for hostage-taking |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| personal property taken (obtain proof of ownership, full description, value); from the person (record exact words/actions/methods that conveyed taking control of the property); against the will by force/threat of force (record words/actions/weapons indicating force, and any injuries) |
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Term
| Elements of crime of burglary |
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Definition
| entering a structure; without consent of the person in possession; with intent to commit a crime therein |
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Term
| Compounding/aggravating elements of burglary |
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Definition
| breaking into the dwelling of another during the nighttime; occupied residence; being armed |
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Term
| Methods of recovering stolen/burglarized property |
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Definition
| Pawnshops, second-hand stores, flea markets, Ebay/other online auctions, newspaper ads, entry of serial numbers into the database |
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Term
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Definition
| receiving, buying, or concealing stolen/illegally obtained goods; knowing them to be illegally obtained |
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Term
| Elements of larceny/theft |
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Definition
| The felonious stealing, taking, carrying, leading or driving away; of another's personal goods or property; valued above or below a specified amount; with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of the property |
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Term
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Definition
| intentional deception to cause a person to give up property or some lawful right |
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Term
| Definition of white-collar crime |
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Definition
| criminal activity by someone of high standing abusing a position of trust |
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