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| 1800s, economy developed by selling goods to farmers and merchants financed by banking systems |
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| South depending on labor forces for producing and exporting cotton market |
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| Formed to oppose Whig Party then 1830s against Andrew Jackson |
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| 1846-1848 War with Mexico that gained California and Southwest |
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| The compromise that avoided a national crisis by a series of laws that 1) admitted California as a free state, 2) banned the slave trade in the District of Columbia, 3) strengthened the national Fugitive Slave law, and 4) allowed popular sovereignty with regard to slavery in the Mexican Cession |
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| 1850, escaped slaves had to be returned to their owners |
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| The people of each territory could decide if slavery should exist |
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| author "Uncle Tom's Cabin" strengthened anti-slavery in the North |
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| sponsored by Stephen A. Douglas allowed Nebraska and Kansas residents to decide if slavery was allowed |
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| 1854, northern party who opposed slavery extension to the west |
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| Conflict in Kansas pertaining to slavery and anti-slavery views |
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| Slave suing for freedom. Lived four years in free territory. Congress lacked authority to limit the spread of slavery |
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| Radical abolitionist fought pro-slavery abolitionists in Kansas, Harper's Ferry in VA to liberate slaves |
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| Illinois politician argued popular sovereignty in Douglas debates, President in 1860 |
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| Senator of Illinois, tried to bring together north and south with Compromise of 1850 |
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| Confederate States of America |
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| Seceding states of South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana in February 1861. |
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| President of Confeds, former secretary of war |
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| April 12, 1861 - mouth of Charleston harbor, opening Civil War |
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| Virginian war hero in charge of Confederate army |
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| Part of party that tried to limit presidential power to punish southern leaders and end slavery |
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| North who supported Confederacy opposed wartime policies |
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| July 1861 - Confederate victory in Virginia near DC |
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| George McClellan trying to capture Richmond by going up peninsula in James/York rivers in 1861 |
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| April 1862 - southern TN battle, Union gained upper Mississippi valley control |
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| Captured by David Farragut, Union controlled Lower Mississippi Valley |
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| September 1862 - stopped Lee's invasion of Maryland. Confeds retreated to Virginia |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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| Jan 1 1863 - Lincoln ordered abolition of slavery in states in rebellion. Didn't apply to Border States or Union controlled states |
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| July 4 1863 - last Confederate Fort surrendered |
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| July 1863 - battle in southern Pennsylvania, ended Lee's attempts of invasion |
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| 1864 - Union victory gained control of all Tennessee |
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| May 1864 battles in North Virginia, high casualties of Union troops |
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| General William T. Sherman led to capture Atlanta and Savannah, destroyed countryside |
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| April 9 1865 - Lee surrendered North Virginia to Grant |
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| Actor and southern supporter, assassinated Lincoln on April 9th 1865 |
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| Military governor of Tennessee, vice prez in 1864, prez after Lincoln |
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| Passed by southern states after war limit African American freedoms, basically slaves again |
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| Secret Southern society raising white supremacy with violence |
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| Helped former slaves by giving aid and building schools for children |
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| Republicans that wanted to reform southern economy, society, extend citizenship to freedmen, force the South to meet Congressional goals for Reconstruction deny former Confederacy voting rights |
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| Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 |
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| Passed over Johnson's veto, put all former Confed states (except TN) under military rule until 14th Amendment was ratified |
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| Extended citizenship to all persons born in the United States and extended civil rights to all citizens, including the freedmen. |
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| Prohibits denying citizen right to vote because of race |
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| Southern Democrats who regained power and ended Radical Reconstruction |
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