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| Crowned Emperor on Dec. 25, 800 A.D. |
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| Real name for Gerbert of Aurillac |
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| Repeatedly condemned, recanted several times rather than face death, but went back to his own views when danger passed. Said Christ body was present in the Eucharist only intellectually/spiritually |
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| Opposed Berenger and said the body is really present in the Eucharist and that the consecrated elements are no longer bread or wine? |
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| Said the emperor was anointed to do God's will but he cant judge what that is, so he must learn from the church and not teach it |
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| The most outstanding of Gerbert's disciples, turned Chartres into an intellectual center, said the mysteries (trinity, baptism, and Eucharist) are proper objects for faith not reason, body of Christ is truly present in such a way that those who partake of them eat of that body |
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| Quarreled with Henry II over whether priest could be tried in secular courts? |
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| Has been called the greatest mideval pope, forced Phillip Augustus to take back his wife, forced King John of England to recognize him as his feudal overlord, and summoned the 4th Latern Council |
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| Composed the first recorded poem in Italian language, The Canticle of the Sun, and established an order of Friars |
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| Predicted that the 1260 day prophecy would end in 1260 AD, when the age of the spirit would begin? |
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| More powerful than any pope in the 12th century, preached the 2nd crusade, and said Christ is glorified in the death of a pagan? |
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| Wrote why God became man, saying only a being who is both human and divine can offer adequate satisfaction as expiation? |
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| The greastest Theologian of his time? |
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| Believed in conceptualism? |
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| Abelard did not believe what? |
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| Christ came to pay a debt owed to God. |
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| The author of Sic et non? |
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| His 4 books of sentences, which went beyond Sic et non, by giving his own opinions, was the main text for theological studies late into the sixteenth century. He most influenced fixing the sacraments at 7? |
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| Said humankind is a single reality and each indiviual is no more than a group of accidents which exist in the universal essence of human kind. In Adam the entire essence was present and all of it suffered the fall, literally in Adam all have sinned. |
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| Doctrine was pantheistic monism, wrapped up in absolute realism. Said God is everything and in everything, the bread even without any consecration is divine. |
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| Said history had three stages: stage of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. The age of the Holy Spirit would begin in 1260 A.D.? |
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| Two crusades were carried on against these people who were allegedly opposed to everything material and therefore opposed to the use of crosses, images, and other symbols. They were also vegetarians? |
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| The Emperor or regent who started the iconoclastic controversy by ordering the destruction of an image of Christ which supposedly had miraculous powers? |
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| The emperor or regent who permantly ended the iconocaltic controversy on March 11, 842, which the Eastern Chrurch celebrates as the feast of Orthrodoxy? |
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| The main exponent of mystical theology late 10th, early 11th century. Said only those that have a conscious mystical experience could be true theologians. |
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| Simeon: The New Theologian |
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| Not an argument Photius used to debunk the idea of Roman supremacy: |
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Donation of Constantine & Isadorian Decretals were forgeries.
Photius did use these as arguments: Peter had been bishop of Antioch before Bishop of Rome, the rock is not Peter but Peter's statement, whoever wishes to be first anong you let him be your servant, Jesus and Peter led the Jerusalem Church. |
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| Not an argument John of Damascus used in favor of the images? |
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Pope anathema on iconoclasts
Did use: The commandment against images is no longer valid; since the incarnation, the Divine can be seen through visible means; images are a means of grace and that they teach the faithful. |
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| The most distingushied theologian in the Russian church? |
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| Not true of Innocent III? |
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Opposed crusade against the Albegenses
He did help end the civil war in Hungary, forced John to make his country a fief of the papacy, called himself the vicar of Christ |
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What did Bonafice VIII say in Unam Sanctam (the most important encyclical letter ever)?
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| salvation depends of the subjugation to the Roman pontiffs |
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| Not true of the 4th Latern Council (the most important council of the Middle Ages)? |
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| Bishops deliberated for 3 months (it was only three days) |
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| Held study in high esteem |
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| His philosophy in many points was incompatible with the philosophical system on which the medieval theology had been built. Many of his works reached the Latin west in a around about way through Arabs and Jews? |
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| Existence of an Unmoved Mover |
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| Author of Guide for the Perplexed, his philosophy was a synthesis of Aristotelianism, Platonism, and Judaism. He said, " review of the truths that reason can't prove such as creation are not really opposed to reason, rather above it. |
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| The "Seraphic doctor," was minister general of friar's minor |
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| Author of Source of Life, who brought together Judaism and Platonic philosophy, and was also influenced by Islam? |
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| The Augstinians (people who saw themselves followers of Augustine) did not believe what? |
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That it is more important to know rational truth than to do good
They did see a clear distinction between reason and revelation; that knowledge comes from illumination; the soul is a substance indpendant from the body; hylomorphism--all things exist both of matter and form |
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| The order that is most identified with the Augustian line? |
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| Bonadventure did not believe what? |
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Mary was immaculately concieved
his theology did rest on three principles: authority of the church, tradition, and scripture; he considered the purpose of theology to be communion with God, thought that all knowledge came from illumination, God existence clear to any mind that follows his best light, creation took place out of nothing and within time. |
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| Thomas Aquinas' teacher who outlived his most famous disciple and set out to comment on the entire work's of Aristotle? |
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| Thomas Aquinas believed what? |
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| Theology is all truth; i.e. theology is concerned withh truth in all its forms |
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| Thomas Aquinas said God was our what? |
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| True of God according to Thomas Aquinas? |
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| True of the soul according to Thomas Aquinas |
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| is different from all other souls |
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| Thomas Aquinas did not use what as a sure fire way to prove God's existence |
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God's influence in converted life
he did say there must be a first being not moved by another, if no first cause then others are non-existence, something must be perfect, order is not from chance. |
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| Thomas Aquinas did not believe what concerning the sacraments? |
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| Valid only if minister has faith |
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| Thomas Aquinas believed what about Mary? |
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| Entered paradise only by Christ's sacrifice |
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| Thomas Aquinas believed what about knowledge? |
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| Knowledge is a process, starts with sensory data. |
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