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| key events of Philadelphia era |
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Religious "freedom" in New-World
Revivalism
Modern missions movement |
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| created religious, Theocratic govts |
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| expected colony-wide conformity to Puritan doctrine |
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believed that civil judges shouldn't endorse religious beliefs
believed everyone should be free to worship according to conscience
Separatist |
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| founded 1st Baptist church in US in 1639 |
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Great Awakening
2nd Great Awakening
19th-cent evangelism |
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"founded" Moravians
began sheltering Moravian brethren in 1722 |
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| published German tract Pia Desideria in 1675 |
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| formed Pietist group "Holy Club" at Oxford |
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| sailed to US to evangelize Indians in 1735 |
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| met Moravian missionaries on trip to US, who led them to Christ by 1738 |
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| used disciplining that made converts be called "Methodists" |
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| pastor of Northampton Congregational Church, MA, in 1729 |
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| started revival in 1734 (in US) |
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| missionary to Indians in 1750 |
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| member of "Holy Club" who got saved in 1735 |
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| had disagreements with Methodist leaders over Calvinism v Armenianism |
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| continued--but did NOT start--Great Awakening in US in 1740 |
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| founded Calvinistic Methodists |
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| key events in 2nd Great Awakening |
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rise of Bible/missionary societies
camp meetings to frontier settlers |
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| preaching ministry to urban centers like NY, Philly, Boston |
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| held services known for "new measures" innovations |
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| viewed revival as "bottom--up" instead of popular notion of "top-down" |
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| denied membership/communion to slave holders |
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| Father of Modern Revivalism |
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| pastor of New Park Bapt Church, London, at 19 yrs old |
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| built Metropolitan Tabernacle in 1861 |
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wrote Lectures to my Students
wrote Treasury of David |
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| young shoe salesman in Boston whose Sun school teacher led him to Christ |
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| moved to Chicago in 1856; ministered to street kids in slums |
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| traveled abroad as preacher after Chicago fire of 1871 |
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| compared world to wrecked vessel and his ministry to lifeboat |
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| held meetings in England and Scotland with Ira Sankey in 1873 |
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founded Bible Institute in 1886
established new trend in theological education |
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| Father of Modern Missions |
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| developed theology + philosophy of missions many would follow |
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| started as English shoemaker + pastor, who was discouraged from missions work by Calvinistic Baptists |
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| founded Baptist Missionary Society |
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| sailed to India in 1793, with 7 yrs of "failure" |
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| focused on Bible translation, training natl pastors |
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| did 40 yrs missions work with no furlough |
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| sailed to India and became Baptist in 1812 |
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goal to translate Bible, have church of 100
result: 100 churches started; over 8k converts |
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| founded 1st natl Baptist missions organization in US |
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| committed self to Chinese missions and adopted their customs |
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| missionary service for 51 yrs; brought 800 missionaries to China |
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| founded China Inland Mission in 1865 |
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| largest Protestant missions organization on earth |
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| key issues of Philadelphia church |
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Enlightenment + Deism
slavery
Darwinian evolution
Dispensationalism v Covenant Theology |
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brought by Renaissance's renewed interest in learning/philosophy
answers found in human reason, abilities
changed Biblical view of God |
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rejects supernatural events
accepts only what can be reasoned or proven
Christianity seen as ethical system, not means of salvation |
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| belief that God's work can be divided into distinct eras |
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| Dispensationalism elements |
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literal interpretation of Scripture
distinction between church + Israel
"doxological" view of ht |
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| belief that God's dealings with Israel are fulfilled in His church |
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| Covenant Theology elements |
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mix of literal and non-literal interpretations of Scripture
no distinction between Israel + church
"soteriological" view of ht |
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| saw church as "kingdom of God" and eliminated literal fulfillment of OT prophecies |
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| started Dispensationalism movement |
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| influence went from Scofield to LS Chafer |
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| founded Dallas Theological Seminary |
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| Anglican clergyman, founded Plymouth Brethren |
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