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| instrumental characteristics |
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| men; enable one to accomplish different tasks and goals |
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| expressive characteristics |
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| Women; concerned about others |
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| self-sufficient, independent, self-confidant |
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| good wife/mother and successful in career |
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| employed, possibly parent |
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| Gender Similarities Hypothesis |
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Janet Hyde; males and females are similar main differences: throwing distance and speed, sexuality, aggressiveness |
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| Inequality of power between sexes |
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| most important quality necessary for healthy loving |
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| Intimacy, Passion, Commitment |
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| has all three components: intimacy; commitment; passion |
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| intense emotional attachment; romeo and juliet |
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| affection, companion style; focus on mutual commitment |
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| rational assessment of loving relationship (assets vs. liabilities) |
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| unselfish concern for the person they love's needs even if they have to personally sacrifice something |
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| Emphasis on many sexual partners rather than a serious relationship |
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| Strong sexual attraction and emotional intensity; jealous and moody |
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| illegitimate needs come from |
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| self-doubt, feeling inadequate |
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| martyring, manipulating, limerance |
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| 8 qualities of friendship |
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Definition
| enjoyment, acceptance, trust, respect, mutual support, confiding, understanding, honesty |
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| Love includes the 8 qualities plus |
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Definition
| prioritizing, sexual desire, caring to the point of self-sacrificing |
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| Attachment Thoery and love |
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| our primary motivation is to be connected with other people |
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| independent; little or no couple identity |
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| dependence; little sense of themselves as individuals |
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| interdependence; adequate sense of one's self, but also couple identity |
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| Stages in Reiss' Wheel Theory of Love |
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Definition
Rapport Self-Revelation Mutual dependency Personality/need fulfilment |
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| Twins studies: identical vs fraternal twins and homosexuality |
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Definition
identical: 50% fraternal: 20% |
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| inappropriate to base spouse off sexual attraction/romantic love |
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sexual attraction and romantic love is important for picking a spouse sex for procreative potential |
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| positive value given to sex expression and gratification |
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| Standards of non-marital sex |
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Definition
Abstinence Permissiveness with affection (*) Permissiveness w/o affection Double standard |
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| Exchange Perspective on sexual satisfaction |
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| Interactionalist Perspective |
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Definition
influenced by sexual scripts learned from society what's "normal" and "acceptable" for teens |
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| Sociobiological perspective |
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| "spreading genes" different ways |
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*Alternative way of being single *Alternative to marriage *A test for marriage |
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