Term
| what are the four stages of cancer? |
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Definition
| induction, in situ, invasion, dissemination |
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|
Term
| Which phase of cancer does the transformed cell develop into a cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 ways that lab tests can serve concerning tumors? |
|
Definition
| detection or screening, confirmation, classification/staging, monitoring |
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|
Term
| What is the most important function of tests in cancer? |
|
Definition
| monitoring the desease or its response to therapy |
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Term
| What tumor marker is an enzyme that is specific for prostate tissue and is elevated in carcinoma, inflammation, and benign prostatic hypertrophy? |
|
Definition
| PSA- prostate-specific antigen |
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|
Term
| A low free PSA indicates what in terms of cancer risk? |
|
Definition
| low PSA indicates greater possibility of developing cancer |
|
|
Term
| What tumor marker is used for liver and bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tumor marker is used for pancreatic? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What tumor marker is approved for diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma or nonseminomatous testicular cancer? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What non-cancerous conditions can cause an increase in alphafetoprotein? |
|
Definition
| cirrhosis, hepatitis, CMV infections, chronic hepatic conditions |
|
|
Term
| what tumor marker is used to assess prognosis and recurrence of colon cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tumor marker has 2 reference ranges- one for smokers and one for nonsmokers? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which tumor marker is used to monitor theraphy and disease progression in metastatic breast cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tumor marker is used to predict patient's response to Herceptin treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cancer is monitored with CA 125? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two receptor-site proteins are measured by tissue biopsy and are used together to predict patient's response to antihormonal therapy in breast cancer patients? |
|
Definition
| Estrogen receptor and Progesterone receptor |
|
|
Term
| What gland secretes calcitonin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cancer causes elevated levels of calcitonin? |
|
Definition
| medullary carcinoma of the thyroid |
|
|
Term
| What virus is associated with genital cancer and benign genital warts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What oncogene is associated with B and T cell lymphoma, small cell lung cancer, sarcoma, and endotheliomas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is p53 an oncogene or a supressor gene? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 cancers are associated with p53 mutations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what cancer is associated with philadelphia chromosome? |
|
Definition
| chronic myelogenous leukemia |
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|
Term
| What genetic marker is associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What chromosome is BRCA1 located on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What chromosome is BRCA2 located on? |
|
Definition
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