Term
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Definition
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Term
| Topic 1 - The Particulate Nature of Matter |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Tightly packed together in a regular arrangement. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vibrate in fixed positions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids |
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Definition
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Term
| Closely packed together but able to move past each other. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vibrate and move around each other. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases |
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Definition
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Term
| Well separated in a random arrangement. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vibrate and move freely at high |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Compare the relative energies of particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare the relative energies of particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles in a solid have the least amount of energy and particles in a gas have the most energy. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names for the state changes from solid to liquid and vice versa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names for the state changes from solid to liquid and vice versa? |
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Definition
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Term
| Solid → liquid: Melting Liquid → solid: Freezing |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names for the state changes from liquid to gas and vice versa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names for the state changes from liquid to gas and vice versa? |
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Definition
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Term
| Liquid → gas: Evaporation Gas → liquid: Condensation |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term describing when a solid changes straight into a gas? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term describing when a solid changes straight into a gas? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the forces between particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the forces between particles in solids |
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Definition
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Term
| Solids - Strong forces of attraction between particles which keeps them in fixed positions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Liquids - Weaker attractive forces than in solids. |
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Definition
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Term
| Gases - No intermolecular forces so particles move randomly. |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a solid melts (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a solid melts (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles in the solid absorb thermal energy when heated and convert into kinetic energy. This causes the particles to vibrate more. The solid then expands until the structure breaks |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid freezes (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid freezes (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the liquid particles slow down. Eventually, the particles move slow enough for forces to hold the particles in a regular solid structure. |
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid evaporates (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid evaporates (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles near the surface of the liquid gain sufficient energy from the surroundings to overcome the forces between molecules and evaporate. |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid boils (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid boils (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the particles gain energy and will eventually move fast enough to overcome the forces between them. |
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a gas condenses (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a gas condenses (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the gas particles slow down and get closer together. Eventually, the forces between the particles will be great enough for the substance to become a liquid. |
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens during sublimation (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens during sublimation (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles on the surface of a solid gain sufficient energy to overcome all forces between them and become a gas. This is similar to evaporation |
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Definition
| but occurs with solids rather than liquids. |
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Term
| Substance A melts at -183oC and boils at |
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Definition
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Term
| -50oC. What state is A at -90oC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Substance A melts at -183oC and boils at -50oC. What state is A at -90oC? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How does pressure affect the motion of gas particles? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does pressure affect the motion of gas particles? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the motion of the gas particles increases. |
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Term
| How does temperature affect the motion of gas particles? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does temperature affect the motion of gas particles? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pressure and the kinetic energy of the particles increases which causes the particles to move more. |
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Term
| Fluids are what state of matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fluids are what state of matter? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ‘Particles in fluids move randomly’ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ‘Particles in fluids move randomly’ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Explain Brownian motion (refer to random molecular bombardment) (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain Brownian motion (refer to random molecular bombardment) (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles in a fluid move randomly because they are bombarded by other randomly moving particles in the fluid. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| The random motion of particles in a suspension (brownian motion). |
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Definition
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Term
| State evidence for Brownian motion (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| State evidence for Brownian motion (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Robert Brown looked at pollen grains moving in water. The random movement of the pollen grains could not be explained until Brownian motion was developed. |
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Definition
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Term
| This explained that there were separate particles moving randomly in water |
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Definition
| causing the pollen grains to move randomly. |
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Term
| Explain the process of diffusion |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the process of diffusion |
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Definition
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Term
| The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Diffusion is a passive process (requires no energy). |
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Definition
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Term
| Which states of matter does diffusion occur in? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which states of matter does diffusion occur in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Liquids and gases (fluids). |
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Definition
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Term
| The particles don’t move in a solid so diffusion isn’t possible. |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the diffusion rate depend on molecular mass? (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the diffusion rate depend on molecular mass? (extended only) |
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Definition
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Term
| Particles with a smaller molecular mass have a higher average speed. |
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Definition
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Term
| The rate of diffusion is quicker for molecules with a smaller molecular mass as they can move to different regions faster. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Topic 1 - The Particulate Nature of Matter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tightly packed together in a regular arrangement. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vibrate in fixed positions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Closely packed together but able to move past each other. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vibrate and move around each other. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Well separated in a random arrangement. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vibrate and move freely at high |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compare the relative energies of particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compare the relative energies of particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles in a solid have the least amount of energy and particles in a gas have the most energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names for the state changes from solid to liquid and vice versa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names for the state changes from solid to liquid and vice versa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Solid → liquid: Melting Liquid → solid: Freezing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names for the state changes from liquid to gas and vice versa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names for the state changes from liquid to gas and vice versa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liquid → gas: Evaporation Gas → liquid: Condensation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term describing when a solid changes straight into a gas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term describing when a solid changes straight into a gas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the forces between particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the forces between particles in solids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Solids - Strong forces of attraction between particles which keeps them in fixed positions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liquids - Weaker attractive forces than in solids. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gases - No intermolecular forces so particles move randomly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a solid melts (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a solid melts (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles in the solid absorb thermal energy when heated and convert into kinetic energy. This causes the particles to vibrate more. The solid then expands until the structure breaks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid freezes (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid freezes (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the liquid particles slow down. Eventually, the particles move slow enough for forces to hold the particles in a regular solid structure. |
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid evaporates (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid evaporates (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles near the surface of the liquid gain sufficient energy from the surroundings to overcome the forces between molecules and evaporate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid boils (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a liquid boils (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the particles gain energy and will eventually move fast enough to overcome the forces between them. |
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a gas condenses (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens when a gas condenses (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the gas particles slow down and get closer together. Eventually, the forces between the particles will be great enough for the substance to become a liquid. |
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens during sublimation (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Use kinetic theory to describe what happens during sublimation (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles on the surface of a solid gain sufficient energy to overcome all forces between them and become a gas. This is similar to evaporation |
|
Definition
| but occurs with solids rather than liquids. |
|
|
Term
| Substance A melts at -183oC and boils at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| -50oC. What state is A at -90oC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Substance A melts at -183oC and boils at -50oC. What state is A at -90oC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does pressure affect the motion of gas particles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does pressure affect the motion of gas particles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the motion of the gas particles increases. |
|
|
Term
| How does temperature affect the motion of gas particles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does temperature affect the motion of gas particles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure and the kinetic energy of the particles increases which causes the particles to move more. |
|
|
Term
| Fluids are what state of matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluids are what state of matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ‘Particles in fluids move randomly’ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ‘Particles in fluids move randomly’ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain Brownian motion (refer to random molecular bombardment) (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain Brownian motion (refer to random molecular bombardment) (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles in a fluid move randomly because they are bombarded by other randomly moving particles in the fluid. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The random motion of particles in a suspension (brownian motion). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| State evidence for Brownian motion (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| State evidence for Brownian motion (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robert Brown looked at pollen grains moving in water. The random movement of the pollen grains could not be explained until Brownian motion was developed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This explained that there were separate particles moving randomly in water |
|
Definition
| causing the pollen grains to move randomly. |
|
|
Term
| Explain the process of diffusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain the process of diffusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Diffusion is a passive process (requires no energy). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which states of matter does diffusion occur in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which states of matter does diffusion occur in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liquids and gases (fluids). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The particles don’t move in a solid so diffusion isn’t possible. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the diffusion rate depend on molecular mass? (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the diffusion rate depend on molecular mass? (extended only) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Particles with a smaller molecular mass have a higher average speed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rate of diffusion is quicker for molecules with a smaller molecular mass as they can move to different regions faster. |
|
Definition
|
|
