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Definition
| zero on the Kelvin scale, which represents the lowest possible theoretical temperature; atoms are all in the lowest possible energy state |
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| a substance with a haphazard, disjointed, and incomplete crystal lattice |
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| the temperature of a liquid where its vapor pressure equals the pressure exerted on its surface |
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| the constant, random motion of tiny chunks of matter |
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Definition
| the process where gaseous particles come together, that is, condense, to form a liquid or sometimes a solid |
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| the three-dimensional arrangement repeated throughout a solid |
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| the energy-releasing process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid |
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| the process by which a gas enters a container and fills it, or when the particles of two gases or liquids mix together |
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Definition
| the process by which particles of a liquid form a gas by escaping from the liquid surface |
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| the temperature of a liquid when it becomes a crystal lattice |
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Definition
| a flowing, compressible substance with no definite volume or shape |
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Definition
| the energy released as one kilogram of a substance solidifies at its freezing point |
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Definition
| the energy absorbed when one kilogram of a liquid vaporizes at its normal boiling point |
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| a gas in which the particles undergo elastic collisions |
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| the SI unit of energy; the energy required to lift a one-newton weight one meter against the force of gravity |
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Definition
| a division on the Kelvin scale; the SI unit of temperature |
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Definition
| the temperature scale defined so that temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles and so that zero on the scale corresponds to zero kinetic energy |
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Definition
| the theory that states that submicroscopic particles of all matter are in constant, random motion |
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Definition
| a flowing substance with a definite volume but an indefinite shape |
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Definition
| a material that loses its rigid organization in only one or two dimensions when it melts |
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Definition
| the temperature of a solid when its crystal lattice begins to break apart |
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Definition
| the force acting on a unit area of a surface |
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Definition
| a substance in which the particles occupy fixed positions in a well-defined, three-dimensional arrangement |
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Definition
| the process by which particles of a solid escape from its surface and form a gas |
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Definition
| the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material |
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Definition
| the pressure of a substance in equilibrium with its liquid |
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