Term
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Definition
| Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass (weight) |
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Definition
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| Physical State of a solid |
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Definition
| Definite shape and volume |
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Definition
| Define volume - conforms to the shape of the container |
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Definition
| No defininte shape or volume - Gas will uniformly fill its container |
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Term
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Definition
| Unique sustance that cannot be decomposed or broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and nitrogen (Makes up %96 of the human body) |
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Term
| What is the difference between one element and another? |
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Definition
| Different number of protons, neutrons and electrons |
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Term
| How do you identify a particular element? |
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Definition
| Must know the atomic number, mass number and atomic weight |
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Term
| What is Atomic weight or Mass number |
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Definition
| The sum of all the protons and neutrons contained in the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| An atom of an element that contains a different number of neutrons. EXAMPLE: a radioisotope that is unstable and decays easily to become more unstable |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to do work or to put matter into motion |
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Term
| What are the different forms of energy |
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Definition
| Chemical, Electrical and Radiant |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy stored in the bonds of chemical sustances |
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Term
| What is Electrical Energy |
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Definition
| Results from the movement of charged particles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiant enerty gravels in waves EXAMPLE: light rays, x-rays, radio waves and ultraviolet rays |
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Term
| What is engerby form conversion |
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Definition
| Where energy is easily converted from one from to another - they are inefficient, some energy is trasferred to the environment as heat |
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Term
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Definition
| Smalles building block of an element that still retails all the properties of the element. |
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Term
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Definition
| No, only by extraodinary means |
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Term
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Definition
| Central region of an atom and is comprised of the proton and neutron |
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Term
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Definition
| Protons are positively charged, have a specific number for each element, and weighs 1.007 atomic units |
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Term
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Definition
| Neutrons are neutral and have no charge, atomic number may vary for the element - Weight is 1.008 atomic units |
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Term
| What is the electron shell? |
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Definition
| An orbital area around the nucleus and contains only one type of subatomic particle know as an electron(s) |
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Term
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Definition
| The are organized into energy levels which are different, and are negatively charged and nearly weightless .0005 atomic units |
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Term
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Definition
| They are known as an electron cloud around the nucleus (THE outer shell electrons known as the valance shell is what affects reactivity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more atoms of the sam/like atoms combined chemically |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more different atoms bound together chemically that make up a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| Where chemical bonds are energy relationships between the electrons of reacting atoms. (Rule of eights) |
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Term
| What is the rule of eights |
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Definition
| It is key to chemical reactivity |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed when electrons are completely transferred form one atom to another |
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Term
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Definition
| Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of an electron between atoms |
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Term
| What are the two Patterns of Chemical Reactions |
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Definition
| Synthesis, and Decomposition reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| Result in atoms or molecules being combined to form a larger more complex molecule |
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Term
| Define Decomposition reactinos |
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Definition
| Result in a molecule being broken down into smaller molecules, atoms or ions |
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Term
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Definition
| It refers to the acidity or alkanlinity of a solution and measures relative concentration of hydrogen ions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemicals that can regulate pH Change |
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Term
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Definition
| Nuetral = 7, Above Nuetral is more Acidic, Below Neutral is more Basic |
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Term
| What are inorganic compounds? |
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Definition
| They lack carbon and tend to be simpler compounds |
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Term
| What are organic compounds |
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Definition
| They contain carbon, most are covalently bonded, and include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbohydrates include sugars and starches - which provide the chemical energy to keep oranisms alive |
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Term
| What are the three Carbohydrate categories based on size? |
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Definition
| Monosaccharides, Disaccharides (double sugars), and polysaccharides (Branching changes of linked simple sugars) |
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Term
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Definition
| Made of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. They have different typs of bond structures |
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Term
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Definition
| Triglycerides (for energy storage), Steroids (Cholesterol) |
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Term
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Definition
| Long chained molecules made up of sub-units called amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| They make up our genes (blue print of life) DNA, and RNA |
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Term
| What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
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Definition
| ATP is the chemical energy used by all cells of the body |
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