Term
| The state of matter with both definite shape and definite volume is a |
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Definition
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Term
| A measure of the amount of space matter occupies is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Democritus' view that matter was atomic in nature was |
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Definition
| not widely accepted until the 1800s |
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Term
| Which component of the atom has a positive charge |
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Definition
|
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Term
| From the periodic table, which of the following elements is likely to have physical and chemical properties closest to those of Chlorine |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons are there in the outer shell of Arsenic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would be the most likely formula for barium sulfide? |
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Definition
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Term
| The alchemists were interested in turning lead into gold by a process called |
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Definition
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Term
| The type of bond between atoms in which electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another is called |
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Definition
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Term
| If fluorine were to form an ion, it would most likely be |
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Definition
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Term
| Study of separation and analysis of chemical substances both qualitative and quantitative |
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Definition
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Term
| Substance which is a chemical combination on an atomic level of two or more elements |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Substance which can not be subdivided into small components by chemical means |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Non-chemical combination of materials separable by physical means |
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Definition
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Term
| Study of non-living things |
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Definition
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Term
| Study of the physical changes associated with chemical reactions and the dependence of physical properties on chemical composition |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypothesis which has been tested and appears to be true |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
Write in scientific notation
3,000 |
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Definition
|
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Term
Write in scientific notation
0.0007 |
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Definition
|
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Term
Write in scientific notation
70,000,000 |
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Definition
|
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Term
Write in scientific notation
0.00123 |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the formula for calculating density |
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Definition
|
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Term
| It is known that Napoleon at the time of his death suffered from arsenic poisoning. This was determined by |
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Definition
| analysis of hair samples that still exist today |
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Term
| What uses fusion to generate most of their energy |
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Definition
|
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Term
| At the instant an atomic bomb detonates the uranium or plutonium goes from |
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Definition
| subcritical to supercritical |
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Term
| There is no evidence of any substantial amounts of what in our universe |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| A proton can change into a neutron and a positron, a neutron can change into a proton and an electron, a proton and an electron can combine to form a neutron, 2 protons and 2 neutrons can be kicked out of the nucleus |
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Term
| What technique is appropriate for dating something which contains organic molecules |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Two types of atom bombs are |
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Definition
| Gun type and implosion type |
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Term
| At the temperatures of million of degrees necessary for controlled fusion, the fuel would exist in a fourth state of matter called |
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Definition
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Term
| The person who showed that all uranium and thorium compounds are radioactive and then went on to isolate other radioactive elements like radium and polonium from uranium ore was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Carbon-12 and carbon-14 represent a pair of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Magnetic confinement and inertial confinement could be used in |
|
Definition
| controlled fusion reactors |
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Term
| Deuterium oxide is also called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Graphite can be used in a nuclear reactor as the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Some countries have built reactors which make more fuel than they consume. Such reactors are called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In addition to her work in explaining nuclear fission, Lise Meitner was responsible for the discovery of the element |
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Definition
|
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Term
| According to the video tape, "The Bomb's Lethal Legacy," residents of the Hanford area may have a higher than normal incidence of thyroid problems due to the release of radioactive |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Nuclear reactors are usually built near a river or ocean so the water can be used to |
|
Definition
| Cool the steam in the turbine back into liquid water |
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Term
| If 400 grams of a radioactive material decays to 25 grams in 10 days, what is its half-life |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In the equation, E=MC2, the M stands for |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In 1938, Eruci Fermi received the Nobel Prize in physics for the discovery of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| According to current theory, all of the elements can be built up in stars starting from |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Until recently, the U.S. planned for the permanent storage of commercial high level nuclear waste |
|
Definition
| In a granite mountain in Nevada |
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Term
| According to the article "Buried in Ice" the members of the Franklin expedition died while suffering from what kind of poisoning |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Positrons and electrons combine to form |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Plutonium-238 does not exist in nature but can be made in |
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Definition
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Term
| If there are too many neutrons for the number of protons what type of decay would improve the situation |
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Definition
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Term
| Geologists can use potassium-argon dating to determine how long it has been since a rock last |
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Definition
|
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Term
| If a star were so dense that the electrons were forced into the nucleus, they would combine with the protons to form |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An atom can change a proton into a neutron by |
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Definition
| Either positron decay or electron capture |
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Term
| A process that has been used to separate U-235 from U-238 is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Uranium-235 and uranium-238 undergo a long series of decays ultimately resulting in isotopes of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Krypton has an atomic weight of 83.8. This is not a whole number because |
|
Definition
| There is more than one isotope of Krypton found in nature |
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Term
| The "Manhattan Project" was the code name for the project to build the first |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The elements with the most stable nuclei are the ones |
|
Definition
| Near the middle of the periodic chart like iron |
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Term
| The fuel used in most nuclear reactors today is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The idea that the universe began in a huge explosion 13.7 billion years ago is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Uranium which contains more uranium-235 than natural uranium is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cities have been destroyed by nuclear weapons in the history of the world |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of decay does not change the number of protons or neutrons present |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In present nuclear power plants, electricity is generated by a turbine which is turned by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The control rods in nuclear reactors are often made of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Radioactive isotopes of iodine are dangerous byproducts of fission which are very hazardous to health because the body will store them in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How many neutrons are there in 1H3
|
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Radioactivity can be used to |
|
Definition
| Produce mutations in plants and animals, preserve food, operate small power supplies, treat cancer |
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Term
| Plutonium-239 can be produced by neutron bombardment of uranium-238. Uranium-238 is therefore called a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A positively charged electron is referred to as a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A star in which gravity is so strong that matter is totally crushed out of existance is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not true of present American electricity producing nuclear reactors |
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Definition
| In a severe accident, they might explode with the force of an atom bomb. |
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Term
| In nuclear reactors a material is often present to slow down neutrons in order to promote more fissions. Such a material is called a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The component of the atmosphere necessary for photosynthesis is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Eutrophication is a process by which |
|
Definition
| A lake is converted to a swamp |
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Term
| Water-born diseases like cholera and typhoid have been largely eliminated in the U.S. because of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Due to the presence of sulfur oxides, rainfall down wind from highly industrialized areas is likely to be more |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The method of disposal of ordinary garbage which is most used in the U.S. today is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is filtered out before it strikes the earth by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Scientists have been concerned that continued release of chlorofluorocarbons to the atmosphere would |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The air pollutant that sucessfully competes with oxygen for bonding sites on the hemoglobin molecule in the blood is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| High temperature combustion always produces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following air pollutants does not contribute to acid rain |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Secondary pollutants produced in the atmosphere by the reaction of hydrocarbons, oxygen and nitrogen dioxide are |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Give three examples of major pollutants produced by the automobile internal combustion engine |
|
Definition
| Hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide |
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Term
| Automobiles produced in the U.S. since 1975 produce less carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emmisions that older cars due primarily to |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The most efficient and most expensive method for removal of particulate pollution from smoke stacks is |
|
Definition
| Electrostatic precipitators |
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Term
| If water contains lots of dissolved oxygen, organic materials will undergo |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Mercury is a cummulative poison which means it |
|
Definition
| is difficult for the body to eliminate |
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Term
| Runoff from strip mined land is often |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Thermal pollution is waste |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Torrey Canyon, Amoco Cadiz, and Exxon Valdez were the names of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Alum and lime are used to |
|
Definition
| Precipitate suspended particles from water |
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Term
| What are three effective ways of killing bacteria in water |
|
Definition
| Ultraviolet light, ozone, chlorine |
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Term
| Secondary sewage treatment is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process in which air or oxygen is pumped into sewage to aid in decay is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The worst method of disposal for ordinary household garbage is |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When mixed with water micelles are produced by |
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Definition
| Soaps, ABS detergents, LAS detergents |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Calcium, magnesium and iron are examples of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following could be added to hard water to precipitate some of the hard ions |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| One advantage of linear alkyl sulfonate (LAS) detergents over alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS) detergents is that they |
|
Definition
| Are more easily biodegraded |
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Term
| Phosphates are often added to detergents as |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Enzyme additives seem to be effective in removing |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| The second most abundant gas in the earth's atmosphere is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| If a compound is labeled mutagenic, that means it can cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Saponification is a process used in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Permanent hardness can be removed by |
|
Definition
| Precipitation with chemicals like washing soda, ion exchange |
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Term
| In 1980 Congress passed legislation designed to clean up abandoned or orphan toxic waste site. This legislation is commonly known as the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hardness in water is undesirable because it |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria in the root nodules of legumes like peas and beans can fix (convert to a useable form) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name three parts of the carbon cycle |
|
Definition
| Photosynthesis, respiration, decay |
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Term
| A 5% solution of sodium hypochlorite can be used in cleaning clothes because it is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The agency of the federal government with the primary responsibility for regulating polluters is the |
|
Definition
| Environmental Protection Agency |
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Term
| The videotape "The River Must Live" dealt with |
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Definition
| Natural biological processes in streams and sewage treatment |
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Term
| A toxic chemical which has been more of a problem in Missouri than any other state is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The main reason carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have been going up year after year is |
|
Definition
| The burning of fossil fuels like natural gas, petroleum and coal |
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Term
| The town of Donora, Pennsylvania is somewhat famous because in 1948 it was the site of the worst ____ pollution incident in the U.S. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| During WWII a group of compounds derived from sulfanilamide were used to fight infections. These were called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemical substances produced by microorganisms which kill bacteria or inhibit their growth are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nerve impulses are transmitted to the brain as |
|
Definition
| A combination of electrical and chemical signals |
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Term
| A class of drugs used in pep pills and diet pills are the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ultimate effect of over-stimulation of the central nervous system is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Opium is a mixture which contains several |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Enkephalins and endorphins are natural brain neurotransmitters which are mimicked by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Name four hallucinogenic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heavy metals, such as lead, mercury and arsenic are toxic because they |
|
Definition
| Tie up enzyme proteins in the body |
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|
Term
| Nerve gases stockpiled by the U.S. and other countries are chemically related to |
|
Definition
| Organophosphates like Parathion |
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|
Term
| The videotape "The Insect Alternative" suggests insecticides should be used |
|
Definition
| Only as part of a program of integrated pest management |
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Term
| The videotape "The Frozen Addict" dealt with young people who had |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The videotape "Witch's Curse" suggests children in Salem accused various adults of witchcraft because |
|
Definition
| They had been poisoned and were hallucinating |
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Term
| Drug that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| A heavy user of a drug requires more to produce a certain effect that a novice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mixture of two drugs which has a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug that blocks the action of a neurotransmitter |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Heavy use of one drug reduces the effectiveness of similar drugs |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Organic chemistry was originally defined as the chemistry of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an isomer of CH3-CH2-CO2H |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hydrocarbons are compounds containing only |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| There is some concern about releasing aromatic hydrocarbons to the environment because some have been found to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coal, natural gas and petroleum are all |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Propane and butane are major components of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The octane rating of a given gasoline can be increased by adding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The main element in coal is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peat is partially decayed organic matter which if further compressed will eventually produce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Natural gas or gasoline could be made from coal. It isn't done in the U.S. today because |
|
Definition
| The economics are not favorable |
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Term
| Cotton is a possible starting material for which kind of polymer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polymers made by opening the double bond in a monomer are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liquids of low viscosity which are added to polymers to make them more flexible are |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In addition to nitrogen, plants need substantial amounts of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Nicotine, in addition to its use as a recreational drug, has been used as an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A lake is sprayed repeatedly with a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide. If this is a cumulative poison, the species likely to have the highest internal levels of the pesticide is |
|
Definition
| The birds that eat fish that eat crustaceans that eat algae |
|
|
Term
| DDT has been useful in fighting diseases such as malaria because |
|
Definition
| It kills insects like mosquitos which transmit malaria |
|
|
Term
| Natural sex attractants are called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rodenticide warfarin kills rats by |
|
Definition
| Interfering with the clotting mechanism of their blood |
|
|
Term
| Drugs are detoxified in the body by the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A non-aspirin OTC pain reliever could mean |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Used to separate low boiling fractions of petroleum like gasoline from higher boiling ones like kerosene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Changing linear hydrocarbons into branched ones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Breaking large hydrocarbons into smaller ones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Used to separate very high boiling components of petroleum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cross-linking with sulfur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hooking small molecules together to make bigger ones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An essential amino acid is one which |
|
Definition
| Cannot be manufactured within the body |
|
|
Term
| Enzymes necessary for the digestion of the food we eat are found in the |
|
Definition
| Saliva, small intestine, stomach |
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|
Term
| An example of an over-reaction of the body's immune system is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The type of RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosomes is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the genetics code the number of bases that code for one amino acid is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pure sodium bicarbonate is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| High doses of this vitamin cause rats to live longer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vitamin is necessary for production of clotting proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deposited in bones and teeth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vitamin is manufactured in the skin when exposed to sunlight |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vitamin is necessary to prevent scurvy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Helps to harden tooth enamel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vitamin is a complex of several compounds used as coenzymes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absence of this vitamin causes night blindness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Necessary for the production of thyroid hormones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contained in hemoglobin in red blood cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The chemical buildup in the cells of the chemicals our body needs is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A group of compounds which serve as very powerful hormones are the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A complex of lipid and protein in the blood is called a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucose can be stored in the muscles as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The type of RNA that contains the code for particular proteins is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many bases are there in the DNA alphabet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The transfer of genes from one organism to another is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The spinal cord and nerves |
|
|
Term
| Traditional birth control pills prevent pregnancy by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemicals produced by lymphocytes in response to antigen markers on foreign cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Process by which a protein is built from a code in the RNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Catalysts for biochemical reactions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process by which one RNA molecule is built from a DNA molecule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process by which one DNA molecule duplicates itself |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proteins are sometimes cross-linked with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The function of insulin is to control the level of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemoglobin is an example of a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucose is produced in plants by a process called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protein synthesis takes place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Phospholipids are used by the body to make |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anabolic steroids are most closely related to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sugars and polymers of sugars |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polymers composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone with attached organic bases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water insuluble compounds such as fats, cholesteral, etc. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemical messengers from one organ to another |
|
Definition
|
|
