Term
| What is matter and what are the 3 different states of matter? |
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Definition
Matter is anything that takes up space.
The 3 states of matter are
liquid, solid, and gas. |
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Term
| What are the shapes of liquid, solid, and gas? |
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Definition
Solid has definite shape and volume
Liquid has definite volume, changeable shape
Gas has changeable shape and volume |
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Term
| What kind of energy do we have? |
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Definition
Kinetic Energy is energy in action
Potential energy is stored energy(think about the battery in your flashlight) or a rollercoaster that goes up high |
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Term
| What forms of energy do we have? |
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Definition
Chemical - stored chemical bonds stored in the body(think of glucose)
Electrical energy - results from the movement of charged particles(think of the nervous system or nerve impulses)
mechanical - energy involved in moving matter(such as using the legs to ride a bycicle)
radiant or electromagnetic energy - is ultraviolet,x rays |
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Term
| can one form of energy convert into another form of energy? |
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Definition
Yes, for example the chemical energy in gasoline that powers the motor of a speedboat is converted into mechanical energy that skims through the water.
some of the energy supply is lost through heat |
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Term
| what are the compositions of matter? |
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Definition
elements - which cant be broken down by ordinary chemical means
atoms - more or less identical building blocks for each element
atomic symbol - one or two letter chemical shorthand for each element |
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Term
| Each element has unique ______ and _______ properties |
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Definition
Physical properties - that can be detected by our senses
Chemical properties - pertain to the way atoms interact with eachother |
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Term
| How many percent does oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen make up our body? |
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Definition
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Term
| So what makes up the rest of the body? |
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Definition
(CPPSSCMII)Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, magnesium, iodine and iron.
0.1 % is trace elements that are made of enzymes |
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Term
| What are atoms structure composed of? |
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Definition
| Protons, Neutrons, Electrons. |
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Term
| How much charge does each atom have? |
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Definition
| Neutrons have no charge and a mass of one atomic mass unit. Protons have a positive charge of 1 plus 1. Electrons have charge of negative 1. |
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Term
| how many models of the atoms are there? |
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Definition
| 2. One is planetary and the other is orbital. |
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Term
| How would you identify Atomic Number, mass number, atomic weight, and isotopes. |
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Definition
| Atomic number is how many protons there are. Mass Number would be the number or protons and electrons. Atomic weight would be average of the number of isotopes. Isotopes would be same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. |
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Term
| WHat is the difference between a compound and a molecule? |
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Definition
a compound is two or more different atoms chemically bonded togheter.
a molecule is two atoms held togheter by chemical bonds |
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Term
| what are mixtures and solutions? |
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Definition
mixtures are anything physically mixed togheter.
solutions are homogenous mxture of componenets
one is solvent which is a substance present in greatest amount
solute - is a subtance present in a smaller amount |
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Term
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Definition
octet rule means the electrons have to always be equal to 8 in the valence shell except the first ring.
valence shell - the outermost energy shell containing chemically active electrons |
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Term
| are inert elements occupied? |
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Definition
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Term
| are reactive elements fully occupied? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are ionic bonds and give me an example? |
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Definition
Ionic bonds are charged atoms resulting a gain or loss of electrons
anions are result of gained electrons
cations are result of lost electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| covalent is done by sharing bonds, sharing electrons |
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Term
| what are polar and non polar molecules? |
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Definition
Polar is when when there is an unequal sharing of electrons.
Non polar is when there is a equal sharing of electrons |
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Term
| what is electronegativity? |
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Definition
| atoms with six or seven valence shell electrons are electronegative |
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