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Definition
| children observe the behavior of a model and imitate that behavior when the model is no longer present |
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| children pretend that an object is something other than what it really is |
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Definition
| performing routine behaviors outside of their typical setting |
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| [during 3rd year] children are able to transform virtually any object into the props needed for their pretend play episodes |
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Term
| substituting other agents for oneself |
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Definition
| in the middle of the 2nd year, children are pretending to "eat", etc. on themselves. By the 3rd year, the "doll is initiating" things such as talking, running and they become the active agents |
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Definition
| internal representations of external objects or events |
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| children tend to focus their attention on trivial and often inconsequential aspects of their experience and neglect others |
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Definition
| disorganized, illogical representations of the child's experiences |
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Definition
| derive general principles from particular examples |
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| use general principles to predict particular outcomes |
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| reasoning within the unsystematic collections of images which constitute their preconcepts |
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Definition
| the notion that preschoolers cannot mentally reverse their transductive sequences of thought |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the major limitations of preoperational thought is the child's inability to conceptualize the perspective of other individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| that is, a class must be smaller than any more inclusive class in which it is contained. For instance, while adults are aware that all dogs are animals, they also know logically that not all animals are dogs |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the ability to estimate the amount of things and changes in the amounts of things in terms of number, size, weight, volume, speed, time, and distance. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to children's use of attention and memory to gain and retain information about their environment and their use of that information to solve problems |
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Term
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Definition
| a storage component with capacity for retaining information for up to 20 seconds. |
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Term
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| where very large amounts of information can be maintained indefinitely |
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Term
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| includes knowing how much you know, and knowing how to improve what your knowledge. |
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Term
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| is the cognitive process by which we attribute desires and beliefs to other individuals in order to explain and predict their behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| the system of rules that structures how to combine words into meaningful sequences |
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Term
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Definition
| inflections such as -ing, -ed, and -s which modify nouns, verbs, and adjectives. (Remember that a it is the smallest unit of meaning in a language.) |
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Term
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Definition
| the implicit rules, skills, and concepts which regulate the behavior of speakers and listeners in conversation |
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Definition
| language that fails to consider the viewpoint of the listener |
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Term
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Definition
| conversation-like turn-taking between egocentric speakers, with little or no transfer of meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| that is, speech with no apparent communicative purpose |
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Term
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Definition
| that is, thinking in words and sentences |
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