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| What is energy measured in? |
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Definition
| kilocalories and kilojoules |
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| What is potential energy? |
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Definition
| the capacity to do work because of position or state, includes chemical energy |
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| it is potential energy stored in chemical bonds |
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| the capacity to do work, which is any change in state or motion of matter |
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| What is the First Law of Thermodynamics? |
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Definition
| energy cannot be created or destroyed, energy can be transferred and changed in form |
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| the measurement of the random, disordered energy that is unavaliable to do work |
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| the sum of all the chemical activities taking place in an organism, includes anabolism and metabolism |
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Definition
| complex molecules synthesized from simpler substances (amino acids form proteins) |
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Definition
| larger molecules are broken into smaller ones (proteins break down into amino acids) |
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Term
| What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics? |
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Definition
| entropy is continuously increasing, no energy transfer is 100% efficient, some energy is dissipated as heat |
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Definition
| the amount of energy avaliable to do work |
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| As entropy _______, the amount of free energy ______. |
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| it is the total potential energy of a system |
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Definition
| absolute temperature in degrees kelvin |
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Term
| What is an exergonic reaction? |
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Definition
| releases energy that can perform work, in coupled reaction it supplies input of free energy to drive an endergonic reaction |
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Term
| Endergonic reaction increases ________. |
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| What does ATP do with energy? |
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Definition
| holds readily available energy for very short periods |
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Term
| ATP is the common link between what? |
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Definition
| exergonic and endergonic reactions as well as anabolism and catabolism |
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Term
| What happens to an oxidized substance? |
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Definition
| the substance that becomes oxidized gives up energy, usually in the form of an electron |
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Term
| What happens to a reduced substance? |
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Definition
| the substance that becomes reduced receives energy, usually in the form of an electron |
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Term
| Redox reactions are an important part of what? |
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Definition
| cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and other chemical reactions |
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Definition
| by means of terminal phosphate group |
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