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| systematic study of continuous speech, whether spoken or written |
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| human cognitive ability, reflected in linguistic competence, that allows projection forward and backward in time, as well as for abstract ideas |
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| structure and rules governing a language at the levels of sound, word-formation, syntax, and semantics |
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| the principled study of language as a system |
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| study of word forms and the process by which words are formed |
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| description and classification of sounds and the study of their production and perception |
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| study of sound systems and sound change, usually within a particular language or family of languages |
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| study of the relationship among language, mind, and the brain, including processes of language acquisition |
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| property of language, by which it can be analyzed into infinitely recombinable parts |
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| capacity of language to embed an infinite number of elements into its grammatical structure |
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| systematic study of meaning in language, especially word and sentence meaning |
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| study of language in use, especially in terms of variation |
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| study of language as used in artificial contexts, such as literature, judicial, and political speech, etc.; study of language as art or craft |
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| systematic ways in which words combine to create well-formed phrases, clauses, and sentences |
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