Term
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Definition
| hominids expanded widely out of Africa into other areas of the Old World |
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Definition
| Clear presence by 1.8 mya, discoveries in Africa and Asia |
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Term
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Definition
| Some classify African homo erectus fossils as this, vs Asian fossils |
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Term
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Definition
| Group sharing a similar adaptive pattern; implies only general adaptive aspects, nothing directly about shared ancestry |
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Term
| How is H. Erectus more like modern humans in their adaptive pattern than African predecessors? |
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Definition
- body size/ robustness
- changes in limb proportions
- greater encephalization |
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Term
| Homo erectus lived indifferent environments in the Old World but shared common physical traits: |
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Definition
-Body size
-Brain size
-Cranial shape |
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Definition
1984, Kamoya Kimeu- 1.6mya
nearly complete skeleton found in Nariokotome, on west side of Lake Turkana in Kenya, because of this we know H. erectus was larger than earlier hominids
about 12 yrs age- boy 5'3" |
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Term
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Definition
- some adults weighed over 100 lbs and measured 5'6"
-sexually dimorphic, in general males weigh more and are taller
-associated w/ dramatic increase in robusticity |
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Term
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Definition
-most obvious feature
-700-1250 cm cubed, larger than early Homo
-closely linked to body size |
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Term
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Definition
-H. erectus show a highly distinctive cranial shape, correlated with brain and increased body size
-thick cranial bone
-large browridges above eyes
-projecting nuchal torus at rear of skull
-braincase large and low, little forehead development
-cranium wider at the base
-pentagonal shape from back, earlier Homo have more vertical shape
-sagittal ridge- runs along midline of skull |
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Term
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Definition
| Projection of bone in the back of the cranium where neck muscles attach; used to hold up head |
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Term
| Earliest H. erectus fossils |
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Definition
| come from East Turkana, where earlier Homo and australopith have been found |
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Term
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Definition
| Africa, probably East from a form of Early Homo |
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Term
| Most significant H. erectus discovery in East Turkana |
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Definition
| nearly complete skull, 1.8 mya, oldest H. erectus ever found. Cranial capacity 848 cm cubed |
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Term
| Smallest cranium of any H erectus find in East Africa |
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Definition
| East Turkana, 691 cm cubed, shows more gracile features (like browridge), possibly a female, showing high degree of sexual dimorphism |
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Term
| H. erectus find by Louis Leakey in 1960 |
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Definition
| very robust skull at Olduvai Gorge 1.4 mya . largest African H erectus cranial capcity, 1067cm cubed |
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Term
| Bouri in the Middle Awash region |
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Definition
| mostly complete cranium, more like Asian H. erectus than are most African remains |
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Term
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Definition
| site in the Republic of Georgia, 1.75 mya, fossils look different from other H erectus, smaller browridge, projecting lower face, large upper canine, 600cm cube with range of early Homom |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in Dmanisi in 2002. older adult male, only one tooth remaining. |
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Definition
| Hypothesizes that the man (toothless kull at Damisisi) required a fair amount of assistance to survive in an era when the only way to process food was to use your teet |
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Definition
| similar to early African, but are quite different from the more advanced Acheulian industry associated with African H Erectus 1.4mya |
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Definition
| Joined Dutch East Indian Army and traveled to Indonesian Island, Samutra. Oct 1891 he unearthed a skull cap along the Solo River near the town of Trinil, 15 yrs later femur discovered |
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Term
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Definition
| 6 sites in eastern Java, dating back to the Early to Middle Pkeistocene, 1.6 and 1 mya |
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Term
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Definition
| Stone tool industry from the Lower and Middle Pleistocene; characterized by a large proportion of bifacial tools (flaked on both sides). Africa, SW Asia, W Europe |
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Term
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Definition
| Java, most recent group of H. Erectus fossils found here, 11 mostly complete crania. 25,000- 50,000 y.a. long after species had disappeared elsewhere |
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Term
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Definition
| Location of the sources of "dragon bones". in 1929 a fossil skull was discocered. Largest collection of material found anywhere, mostly skulls. 670-410,000 y.a. more than 100,000 artifacts |
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Term
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Definition
| proposed Homo ergaster for African specimens |
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Term
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Definition
| reject discription of BEijing H. erectus as hunters and label them scavengers |
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Term
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Definition
| questioned whether remains at Xhoukoudian represent evidence of hominid habitation of the cave |
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Term
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Definition
| "Zhoukousdian cave was neither heath nor home |
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Term
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Definition
| Lantian, Yunxian, Zhoukoudian |
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Definition
| two cranian remains of adult females, fire-treated pebbles, ash |
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Definition
| two badly distorted crania 800,000-580,000 ya |
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Definition
| 1980-1 several remains, close relationship to Zhoukoudian dinds, 400,000 ya |
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Term
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Definition
| African arent as strongly buttressed at the browridge and nuchal torus, cranial bones arent as thick |
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Definition
| Northern Spain, extend antiquity of hominids in western europe |
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Term
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Definition
| Spaniards named Gran Dolinan finds |
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Term
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Definition
| central Itlay well preserved cranium 800,000-900,000 ya |
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Term
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Definition
| cranial morphology places this specimen close the H.erectus |
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