Term
|
Definition
clumping of cells as a result of interaction with specific antibodies called agglutinins. agglutinins are used in blood typing and in identifying or estimating the strength of immunoglobulins or immune serums
ah-gloo-tih-NAY-shun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a plasma protein. various albumins are found in practically all animal tissues and in many plant tissues. in blood, albumin helps maintain blood volume and blood pressure.
al-BEW-min |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a substance that can produce a hypersensitive reaction in the body
AL-er-jin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a hypersensitive reaction to normally harmless antigens, most of which are environmental
AL-er-jee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an exaggerated, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen
an-ah-fih-LAK-sis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an abnormal condition of the blood characterized by red blood cells of variable and abnormal size
an-ih-sih-sigh-TOH-sis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
substances produced by the body in response to bacteria, viruses, or other foreign substances. each class of antibody is named for its action.
AN-tih-bod-eez |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a substance, usually a protein, that causes the formation of an antibody and reacts specifically with that antibody
AN-tih-jenz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an abnormal intraperitoneal (within the peritoneal cavity) accumulation of a fluid containing large amounts of protein and electrolytes
ah-SIGH-teez |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a granulocytic white blood cell characterized by cytoplasmic granules that stain blue when exposed to a basic dye. basophils represent 1% or less of the total white blood cell count
BAY-soh-fill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the orange-yellow pigment of bile formed principally by the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells after termination of their normal life span
bill-ih-ROO-bin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the process of transforming a liquid into a solid, especially of the blood
koh-ag-yoo-LAY-shun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
any cell of the body; a red or white blood cell
KOR-pus-ehl |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a process in development in which unspecialized cells or tissues are systemically modified and altered to achieve specific and characteristic physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties
diff-er-en-she-AY-shun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an abnormal condition of the blood or bone marrow, such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, or prenatal Rh incompatibility.
dis-KRAY-zee-ah |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a granulocytic, bilobed leukocyte somewhat larger than a neutrophil. characterized by large numbers of coarse, refractile, cytoplasmic granules that stain with the acid dye eosin. tend to respond to allergic reactions
ee-oh-SIN-oh-fill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
ehr-rih-THREE-mee-ah |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an immature red blood cell
eh-RITH-roh-blast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a mature red blood cell
eh-RITH-roh-sight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
process of red blood cell production
eh-rith-roh-poy-EE-sis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a hormone synthesized mainly in the kidneys and released into the bloodstream in response to anoxia (lack of oxygen). the hormone acts to stimulate and regulate the production of erythrocytes and is thus able to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood
eh-rith-roh-POY-eh-tin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a stringy, insoluble protein that is the substance of a blood clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plasma protein converted into fibrin by thrombin in the presence of calcium ions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of four globulin protein molecules that become bound by the iron in heme molecules to form hemoglobin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plasma protein made in the liver. globulin helps in the synthesis of antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of leukocyte characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic granules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a medical specialist in the field of hematology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of blood and blood-forming tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the pigmented, iron-containing, nonprotein portion of the hemoglobin molecule. heme binds with and carries oxygen in the RBC, releasing it to tissues that give off excess amounts of carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a complex protein-iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the breakdown of RBC and the release of hemoglobin that occurs normally at the end of the life span of a RBC
hee-MALL-ih-sis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a lass of a large amount of blood in a short period of time, either externally or internally. hemorrhage may be arterial, venous, or capillary.
HEM-eh-rij |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the termination of bleeding by mechanical or chemical means or by the complex coagulation process of the body, consisting of vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and thrombin and fibrin synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a naturally occurring anticlotting factor present in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an increased level of albumin in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greater than normal amounts of the bile pigment, bilirubin, in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an excessive level of blood fats, usually caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency or a defect in the conversion of LDL to HDL; also called hyperlipidemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an electrically charged particle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a white blood cell, one of the formed elements of the circulating blood system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an abnormal decrease in number of white blood cells to fewer than 5,000 cells per cubic millimeter
loo-koh-sigh-toh-PEE-nee-ah |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an extremely large bone marrow cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a large mononuclear leukocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| of or pertaining to the bone marrow or the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a polymorphonuclear (multilobed nucleus) granular leukocyte that stains easily with neutral dyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a marked reduction in the number of the RBC, WBC, and platelets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a craving to eat unusual substances (non-food substances) including but not limited to things such as clay, dirt, starch, chalk, glue, ice, and hair. this appetite disorder occurs with some nutritional deficiency states such as iron deficiency anemia. it may also occur in pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the watery, straw-colored, fluid portion of the lymph and the blood in which the leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets are suspended |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a clotting cell, a thrombocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plasma protein precursor of thrombin. it is synthesized in the liver if adequate vitamin K is present. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an immature erythrocyte, characterized by a meshlike pattern of threads and particles at the former site of the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| systemic infection in which pathogens are present in the circulating bloodstream, having spread from an infection in any part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a change in serologic tests from negative to positive as antibodies develop in reaction to an infection or vaccine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the branch of laboratory medicine that studies blood serum for evidence of infection by evaluating antigen-antibody reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also call blood serum. the clear, thin, and sticky fluid portion of the blood that remains after coagulation. serum contains no blood cells, platelets, or fibrinogen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal enlargement of the spleen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a formative cell; cell whose daughter cells may give rise to other cell types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an enzyme formed from prothrombin, calcium, and thromboplastin in plasma during the clotting process. it causes fibrinogen to change to fibrin, which is essential in the formation of a clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a clotting cell, a platelet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal hematologic condition in which the number of platelets is reduced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a complex substance that initiates the clotting process by converting prothrombin into thrombin in the presence of calcium ion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which there is a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood to levels below the normal range, resulting in a deficiency of oxygen being delivered to the cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also called bone marrow depression anemia, characterized by pancytopenia - an inadequacy of the formed blood elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extreme reduction in circulating RBCs due to their destruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of hemoglobin level due to lack of iron in the body, a greater demand on the stored iron than can be supplied by the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| results from a deficiency of mature RBCs and the formation and circulation of megaloblasts (large, nucleated, immature, poorly functioning RBC) with marked poikilocytosis (RBC shape variation) and anisocytosis (RBC size variation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic hereditary form of hemolytic anemia in which the RBCs become shaped like a crescent in the presence of low oxygen concentration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormall elevated number of granulocytes in the circulating blood as a reaction to any variety of inflammation or infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rare iron metabolism disease characterized by iron deposits throughout the body, usually as a complication of one of the hemolytic anemias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary inadequacies of coagulation factors resulting in prolonged bleeding times, include types A and B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immunity developed as the result of having had the disease or from having received an immunization against a disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| masses of lymphatic tissue located near the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx; also called pharyngeal tonsils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of fluid within the tissue spaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition characterized by an excessive reaction to a particular stimulus |
|
|
Term
immune reaction
(immune response) |
|
Definition
| defense function of the body that produces antibodies to destroy invading antigens and malignancies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of being resistant to or protected from a disease, the individual is said to be immune |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of creating immunity to a specific disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| health specialist whose training and experience is concentrated in immunology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the reaction of tissues of the immune system of the body to antigenic stimulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| special treatment of allergic responses that administers increasingly large doses of the offending allergens to gradually develop immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reaction to treatment that occurs at the site it was administered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interstitial fluid picked up by the lymphatic capillaries, eventually returned to blood. called lymph when inside lymphatic vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any disorder of the lymph nodes or lymph vessels, characterized by localized or generalized enlargement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, agranulocytic leukocytes originating from fetal stem cells and developing in the bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phagocytic cell involved in defense against infection and in disposal of the products of the breakdown of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immunity with which we are born; also called genetic immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease-producing microorganisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process fo a cell engulfing and destroying bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the body's ability to counteract the effects of pathogens and other harmful agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state lacking resistance to pathogens and other harmful agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells of immune response, mature in thymus. Upon maturation, enter the blood and circulate throughout the body, providing defense against disease by attacking foreign and/or abnormal cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| masses of lymphatic tissue located in a protective ring, just under the mucous membrane, surrounding the mouth and the back of the throat |
|
|
