Term
| What causes an Earthquake? |
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Definition
| Earthquakes are caused by the vibrations of Earth produced by the sudden release of energy. |
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Term
| Describe the location of an epicenter and focus. |
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Definition
| Epicenter is the location on the surface of Earth directly above the focus. Focus is the point within the Earth where the Earthquake starts. |
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Term
| What is the elastic Rebound hypothesis? How does it relate to Earthquakes? |
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Definition
| Elastic rebound hypothesis is the release of elastic energy stored in rocks that has been subjected to great forces. |
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Term
| Describe aftershocks and foreshocks. |
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Definition
| Aftershocks are small quakes that come after a major Earthquake. Foreshocks are small quakes that come before a major Earthquake. |
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Term
| How are Earthquakes measured? |
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Definition
| Historically, scientists have used two different types of measurement to describe the size of an Earthquake- intensity and magnitude. |
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Term
| Describe the following earthquake waves: surface, S waves, and P waves. |
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Definition
| S waves = shake particles at right angles to their direction of travel. P waves = They push (compress) and pull (expand) rocks in the direction the wave travels. |
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Term
| How do scientist locate earthquakes? (distance and directions) |
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Definition
| The difference in velocities of P waves provides a way to locate the epicenter. |
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Term
| Where do most earthquakes occur? |
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Definition
| Most of these earthquakes around the outer edge of the Pacific Ocean. |
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Term
| Describe each of the different scales used to measure earthquakes. |
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Definition
| Richter Scale = measures the magnitude of an earthquake. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stable soil turns into a liquid that is not able to support buildings or other structures. |
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Term
| What causes tsunamis? What warning system is used? |
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Definition
| A tsunami is called a seismic sea wave. A tsunami is triggered by an earthquake. |
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Term
| What are some other dangers that can occur due to earthquakes? |
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Definition
| Landslide and ground subsidence or the sinking of the ground triggered by the vibrations occurs. |
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Term
| Describe the layers of the earth. |
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Definition
| Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core. |
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Term
| Describe the Continental Drift. |
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Definition
| The continental drift hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent. |
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Term
| Who came up with the idea of continental drift? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of evidence is present to verify the idea of continental drift? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How many plates are there? |
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Definition
| There are 7 major plates and minor plates. |
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Term
| What happens at plate boundaries? |
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Definition
| The grinding movements of Earth's lithospheric plates generate earthquakes, create volcanoes, and deform large masses of rock into mountains. |
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Term
| Describe each of the boundaries and tell what is happening at each. |
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Definition
| Divergent boundaries occur when two plates move apart. |
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Term
| What are some evidences of plate tectonics? |
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Definition
| Paleomagnetism, Earthquake patterns, Ocean drilling, and Hot spots |
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Term
| What is the driving force of plate tectonics? |
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Definition
| Convection occurring in the mantle is the basic driving force for plate movement. |
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