Term
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Definition
| retain information in memory without using it for any specific purpose |
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Definition
| shift information from one memory store to another |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of storing information in the LTM system |
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Term
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Definition
| brings information from LTM back into STM |
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Term
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Definition
| is a memory store that accurately holds perceptual information for a very brief amount of time |
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Term
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Definition
| the first information learned occupies memory, leaving fewer resources left to remember the newer information |
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| the most recently learned information over-shadows some older memories that have not yet made it into LTM |
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Term
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Definition
| repeating information until you do not need to remember it anymore |
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Term
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Definition
| a model of short-term remembering that includes a combination of memory components that can temporarily store small amounts of information for a short period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| a storage component of working memory that relies on rehearsal and stores information as sounds, or an auditory code |
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Term
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Definition
| a storage component of working memory that maintains visual images and spatial layouts in a visuospatial code |
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Term
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Definition
| a storage component of working memory that combines the images and sounds from the other two components into coherent, story-like episodes |
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Term
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Definition
| the control center of working memory; it coordinates attention and the exchange of imformation among the three storage components |
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Term
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Definition
| orginizing smaller units of information into larger, more meaningful units |
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Term
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Definition
| memories that we are consciously aware of and can be verbalized, including facts about the world and one's own personal experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| include actions or behaviors that you can remember and perform without awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| patterns of muscle movements (motor memory) |
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Term
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Definition
| declarative memories for personal experiences that seem to be organized around "episodes" and are recalled from a first-person perspective |
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Term
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Definition
| declarative memories that include facts about the world, nonfiction |
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Term
| long-term potentiation (LTP) |
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Definition
| means that there is an enduring increase in connectivity and transmission of neural signals between nerve cells that fire together |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of converting ST Memories into LT Memories in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which memory for the events proceeding trauma or injury is lost |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to form new memories for events occuring after a brain injury |
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Term
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Definition
| prolonging exposure to information by repeating it |
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Term
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Definition
| prolonging exposure to information by thinking about its meaning |
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Term
| encoding specificity principle |
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Definition
| predicts that retrieval is most effective when it occurs in the same context as encoding |
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Term
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Definition
| an extremely vivid and detailed memory about an event and the conditions surrounding how one learned about the event |
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Term
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Definition
| techniques that are intended to improve memory for specific information |
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Term
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Definition
| a pronouncable word whose letters represent the initials of an important phrase or set of items |
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Term
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Definition
| uses the first letter of each word to spell out words that form a sentence |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when information is stored in more than one form |
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Term
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Definition
| is a mnemonic device that connects words to be remembered to locations along a familiar path |
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Term
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Definition
| the finding that taking practice tests can improve exam performance, even without additional studying |
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Term
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Definition
| an organized cluster of memories that constitutes one's knowledge about events, objects, and ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| remembering events that did not occur, or incorectly recalling details of an event |
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Term
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Definition
| happens when information occuring after an event becomes part of the memory for that event |
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Term
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Definition
| participants study a list of highly related words called semantic associates |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the increased confidence in a false memory of an event following repeated imagination of the event |
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Term
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Definition
| memories of a traumatic event that are suddenly recovered after blocking the memory of that event for a long period of time |
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Term
| recovered memory controversy |
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Definition
| a heated debate among psychologists about the validity of recovered memories |
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