Term
| What was the Greek/Athenian Polis predominately? |
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Definition
| rural and agricultural that comprised of villages, olive orchards, and vineyards. |
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Term
| Who described the Athenian polis in POLITICS to be"the partnership finally composed of several villages is the polis; it has at last attained the limit of virtually complete self-sufficiency, and thus while it comes into existence for the sake of mere life, it exists for the sake of the good life." |
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Definition
| Greek philosopher Aristotle |
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Term
| For Aristotle, what was the polis purpose? |
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Definition
| the essential purpose of the polis was to guarantee, barring catastrophe, that each of its citzens may flourish. |
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Term
| What was the Fifth century BCE? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the pursuit during the Golden Age? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does eudaimonia mean? |
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Definition
| the good or flourishing life that resulted in a culture of astonish sophistication and diversity. |
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Term
| What writings during the Golden Age contributed to the development of history as a systematic and critical discipline? |
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Definition
| Herodotus and Thucydides writings |
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Term
| What did the Golden Age Athens develop that to this day influences stage actors and the methods dramatists use to reveal human psychology? |
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Definition
| developed a theatre, both comedic and tragic |
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Term
| What is the style that refers to anything of the highest class and for scholars refers specifically to the art and architecture of the Greeks in the fifth century BCE Greece? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pursuit of the good life did the Athenians foster that dedicated to the well-being of the polis through discussion, consensus, and united action as well as the creation of institutions to foster the process? |
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Definition
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Term
| What period of Greek history began with the rise of power of Alexander the Great and extends to the Roman defeat of Cleopatra in Egypt? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Alexander understood to have done during the Hellenistic period? |
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Definition
| To have made the world over in the image of Greece. He conquered region after region, and created great centers of learning. |
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Term
| Who wrote "Nothing is worse than a tyrant? |
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Definition
| Euripides in his play, "The Suppliant Woman." |
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Term
| What does politics, in Euripides words, rely on? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Aristotle mean when he says that man is a political animal? |
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Definition
| that man is a creature of the polis, bound to it, dedicated to it, determined by it, and somewhat paradoxically, liberated by it as well. |
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Term
| What would the Athenians do in the agora? |
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Definition
| they would shop for grapes, figs, flowers, lambs; congregate, debate the issues of the day, argue points of law, settle disputes, and present philosophical discourse; practice their politics. |
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Term
| What was elected annually, met in the Bouleuterion in the agora, dine at public expense in a nearby Tholos (a small round building with six columns supporting the conical roof. |
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Definition
| The City Council of 500 citizens |
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Term
| What was carved in the hill in the southwestern part of the city where as many as 10,000 citizens could gather? |
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Definition
| A giant bowl called the Pynx |
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Term
| What circumstances did most citizens live in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the staple of life? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the Athenians choose to do? |
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Definition
| They simply chose not to buy material things. Instead, they acquired leisure, the free time necessary to perform the responsibilities of citizenship. |
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Term
| What was the Athenian democracy based on? |
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Definition
| based on its citizens' ability to have others do its manual work. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Typically it fell to slaves or to metics (free men who were not citizens because they came from other polis in Greece or from a Creek colony |
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Term
| What was life like for woman in Athens? |
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Definition
| They were excluded from aspects of social life. They married before 15 years old, at an age they were considered to e educable by husbands who averaged about 30 years of age. They were not educated and were not allowed to participate in conversation. It was their duty to produce offspring. |
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Term
| What did woman partake of? |
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Definition
| Religious rituals and public festivals. They were central figures in much of Greek culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| a powerful woman who was the mistress of Pericles. She was a hetaira, one of a cla of Greek Courtesans distinguised by their beauty and was educated |
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Term
| What dominated Athenian political life during the Golden Age? |
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Definition
| Pericles, who served on the Board of Ten Generals for nearly 30 years. |
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Term
| What defines Athenian political, social and cultural life? |
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Definition
| claim of excellence- their military life |
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Term
| What does Pericles mean when he says Athens is the school of Hellas? |
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Definition
| That it teaches all of Greece by its example |
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Term
| What was one of the most interesting aspects of Pericles's oration? |
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Definition
| the greatness of the Athenians is expressed in the love of beauty and the cultivation of intellectual inquiry. |
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Term
| What happened in the fifth century? |
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Definition
| a new way of thinking transformed the way human beings see themselves in relation to the natural world. |
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Term
| Greeks believed things were...? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who accurately described the causes of a solar eclipse? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Kritios Boy (Look at page 193) |
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Term
| Who designed most of the sculptures decorating the Parthenon? |
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Definition
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Term
| The model of Greek womanhood/maiden? |
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Definition
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Term
| The stance of most Greek statures (One leg straight while the other is forward and bent) |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the material choice for Greek sculptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What has been interepreted as a depiction of the Panathenaic procession, an annual civic festival honoring Athena, but recently has been interpreted as a mythological reading. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the male nude reflect? |
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Definition
| reflects not only physical but mental superiority, a theme particularly appropriate for a temple to Athena, a goddess of both war and wisdom. |
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Term
| What city did the Athenians intitially vow to keep in a state of ruin as a reminder of the horrible price of war against the Persian invasion (the greeks avoided by fleeing by ship) but Pericles convinced them to rebuild? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the center piece of the Acropolis project? |
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Definition
| Parthenon (a tangible sign of the power and might of the Athenian state) |
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Term
| Who designed the Parthenon? |
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Definition
| Architects Ictinus and Callicrates |
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Term
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Definition
| Victory (Temple of Athena Nike was built in hope for victory in the Peloponnesian War) |
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Term
| Was Erechtheion, a stature designed by Mnesicles, was built on flatter land on purpose? |
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Definition
| Flatter areas were available on the Acropolis, so its demanding position is clearly intentional. |
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Term
| What was the oracle of Delphi to King Erechtheus? |
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Definition
| In ordert to protect the city from Eumolpos's wrath, one of his three daughters must be sacraficed. |
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Term
| What does the greek word parthenoi mean? |
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Definition
| place of the maidens or girls. (the Parthenon may well rest over the tombs of the three daughters of Erectheus) |
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Term
| What acheivement matches the architectural achievement of the Acroplis? |
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Definition
| the philosophical achievement of the great Athenian philosopher Socrates. |
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Term
| What was Socrates charged of? |
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Definition
| Socrates was brought to trail, accused of subversive corrupting of young men, and introducing new gods, though charges may have been politically motivated |
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Term
| Socrates eloquent defense of his decision submit is recorded in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Socrates death mark? |
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Definition
| The end of the Athenians great experiment with democracy |
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Term
| What does Greek philosophia mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Pythagoras contribute? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Leucippus conceive? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Form or guiding force guides the process of a concept that later informs the Gospel of John in the Ghristian Bible, where it is often mistranslated as "word" (Heraclitus of Ephesus) Also means change or flux |
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Term
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Definition
| Teachers who traveled about, imparting their wisdom for pay. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subtle. tricky, superficially plausible, but ultimately false and deceitful reasoning. |
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Term
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Definition
| that there is an invisible world of eternal Forms, or Ideas, beyond everyday experience, and that the psyche, trapped in the material world and the physical body, can only catch glimpses of this higher order. |
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Term
| What does symposium (also a story written by Plato) mean? |
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Definition
| drinking part for men (woman are there just for different reasons if you catch my drift) |
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Term
| What does Eros eventually mean according to Plato? |
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Definition
| interpersonal love; it is also desire, desire for something that lacks |
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Term
| What does the dionysian aspects of the symposium-the drinking, the philosophical dialogue, and sexual license-tell us? |
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Definition
| Tells us things about the origins of Greek drama |
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Term
| What was drama originally? |
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Definition
| a participatory ritual, tied to the cult of Dionysus |
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Term
| What is comedy derived of? |
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Definition
| from komos, a phallic dance, and nothing is sacred to comedy. |
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Term
| Which of the following refers to the “recognition” stage of Greek tragedy? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Aristotle’s Poetics, a moment of recognition or knowing. Most powerful when simultaneous with the moment of reversal. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Phyhagora created how many notes in the Greek scale? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| drinking song (by Seikolos, found chiseled on the first-century gravestone of his wife Euterpe. |
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Term
| What did Phythagoras believe? |
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Definition
| The movement of the planets produced a special harmony called the music of spheres |
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Term
| What music did Plato favor and why? |
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Definition
| The Dorian mode. He loved it for its restraint. It was formal and dignified, and promoted virtue in its audience. |
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Term
| What music did Plato condemn? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pages should you look at for info on Alexander the Great? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who did Alexander higher to do all his sculptures? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Lysippus challenge? |
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Definition
| The Classical kanon of proportion created by Polyclitus-smaller heads and slenderer bodies lent his heroic sculptures a sense of greater height |
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Term
| What did Aristole's methods of observation come to be know as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the library of Pergamon? |
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Definition
| The Attalids created a huge library with over 200,000 Classical Athenian tests. (Eumenes 11) |
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Term
| Who built the first museum? |
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Definition
| Ptolomies (museum comes from mouseion which means the temple of muses) It housed students and scholars |
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