Term
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Definition
| A visual image that persists after a stimulus is removed. |
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Term
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Definition
| A significant memory loss that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting. See also Anterograde amnesia, Retrograde amnesia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of familiar stimuli stored as a single unit. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to remember similar or related items in groups |
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Term
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Definition
| The mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| A multilevel classification system based on common properties among items. |
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Term
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Definition
| See parallel distributed processing (PDP) models. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hypothetical process involving the gradual conversion of information into durable memory codes stored in long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that forgetting occurs because memory traces fade with time. |
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Term
| Declarative memory system |
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Definition
| Memory for factual information. |
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Term
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Definition
Paivio's theory that memory is enhanced by forming semantic and visual codes, since either can
lead to recall. |
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Term
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Definition
| Linking a stimulus to other information at the time of encoding. |
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Term
Electrical
stimulation of
the brain (ESB) |
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Definition
| Sending a weak electric current into a brain structure to stimulate (activate) it. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Encoding specificity principle |
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Definition
| The idea that the value of a retrieval cue depends on how well it corresponds to the memory code. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronological, or temporally dated, recollections of personal experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intentional recollection of previous experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graph showing retention and forgetting over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the brain that includes the cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem: the medulla and the pons. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to mold one's interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out. |
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Term
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Definition
Type of memory apparent when retention is exhibited on a task that does not require intentional
Interference
remembering. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that people forget information because of competition from other material. |
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Term
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Definition
| Careful, systematic observation of one's own conscious experience. |
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Term
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Definition
A mnemonic technique in which one associates a concrete word with an abstract word and
generates an image to represent the concrete word |
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Term
| Levels-of-processing theory |
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Definition
| The theory holding that deeper levels of mental processing result in longer-lasting memory codes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Forming a mental image of items to be remembered in a way that links them together. |
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Term
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Definition
| An unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time. |
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Term
| Long-term potentiation (LTP) |
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Definition
| A long-lasting increase in neural excitability in synapses along a specific neural pathway. |
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Term
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Definition
| A mnemonic device that involves taking an imaginary walk along a familiar path where images of items to be remembered are associated with certain locations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strategies for enhancing memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Purposeful suppression of memories. |
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Term
| Nondeclarative memory system |
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Definition
| Memory for actions, skills, and operations. |
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