Term
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Definition
| a web development technique that allows portions of web pages to reload with fresh data instead of requiring the entire web page to reload |
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Definition
| a personal web site open to the public in which the site creator expresses his feelings or opinions |
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Definition
| software products that support groups of people who collaborate on a common task or goal and that provide a way for groups to share resources |
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| internet telephony (voice-over internet protocol) |
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Definition
| the use of the internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls |
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Definition
| a web site that takes content from a number of other web sites and mixes them together to create a new kind of content |
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Definition
| a computer program that searches several engines at once and integrates the findings of the various search engines to answer queries posted by users |
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Definition
| a digital audio file that is distributed over the web using Really Simple Syndication for playback on portable media players or personal computers |
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Definition
| a web-based personalized gateway to information and knowledge that provides information from disparate information systems and the internet, using advanced search and indexing techniques |
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Term
| Really Simple Syndication (RSS) |
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Definition
| allows anyone to syndicate (publish) her blog, or any other content, to anyone who has an interest in subscribing |
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Term
| service-oriented architecture (SOA) |
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Definition
| an IT architecture that makes it possible to construct business applications using web services, which can be reused across an organization in other applications |
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Definition
| web sites that allow users to upload their content to the web in the form of text (for example, blogs), voice (podcasts), images, and videos |
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Definition
| a key word or term, chosen by users, that describes a piece of information (for example, a blog, a picture, an article, or a video clip) |
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Definition
| a work arrangement whereby employees work at home, at the customer's premises, in special workplaces, or while traveling, usually using a computer linked to their place of employment |
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Definition
| the use of electronic communication that allows two or more people at different locations to have a simultaneous conference |
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Definition
| hardware and software platform that simplifies and integrates all forms of communications- voice, email, instant messaging, location, and videoconferencing- across an organization |
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Definition
| a work group whose members are in different locations and who meet electronically |
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Definition
| a loose collection of information technologies and application and the web sites that use them; the web sites enrich the user experience by encouraging user participation, social interaction, and collaboration |
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Definition
| self-contained business/consumer modular applications delivered over the internet |
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Definition
| a web site on which anyone can post material and make changes quickly without using difficult commands |
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Definition
| the movement of information as it flows through the sequence of steps that make up an organization's work procedures |
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Definition
| a competitive process in which either a seller solicits consecutive bids from buyers or a buyer solicits bids from sellers, and prices are determined dynamically by competitive bidding |
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Definition
| electronic billboards, which typically contain a short text or graphical message to promote a product or a vendor |
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Term
| bricks-and-mortar organizations |
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Definition
| organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all physical |
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Term
| business-to-business electronic commerce |
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Definition
| electronic commerce in which both the sellers and the buyers are business organizations |
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Term
| business-to-consumer electronic commerce |
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Definition
| electronic commerce in which the sellers are organizations and the buyers are individuals also known as e-tailing |
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Term
| clicks-and-mortar organizations |
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Definition
| organizations that do business in both the physical and digital dimensions |
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Term
| consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce |
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Definition
| electronic commerce in which both the buyer and the seller are individuals |
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Definition
| registering domain names in the hope of selling them later at a higher price |
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Definition
| a software component in which a user stores secured personal and credit card information for one-click reuse |
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Definition
| elimination of intermediaries in electronic commerce |
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Definition
| a broader definition of electronic commerce, including buying and selling of goods and services, and also servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, conduction e-learning, and conducting electronic transactions within an organization |
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Definition
| the use of electronic commerce to deliver information and public services to citizens, business partners, and suppliers of government entities, and those working in the public sector |
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Definition
| purchasing by using electronic support |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks, including the internet |
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Term
| electronic payment systems |
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Definition
| computer-based systems that allow customers to pay for goods and services electronically, rather than writing a check or using cash |
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Definition
| an auction that sellers use as a selling channel to many potential buyers; the highest bidder wins the items |
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Definition
| electronic commerce conducted in a wireless environment |
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Definition
| an advertisement that is automatically launched by some trigger and appears in front of the active window |
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Definition
| an advertisement that is automatically launched by some trigger and appears underneath the active window |
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Definition
| an auction in which one buyer, usually an organization, seeks to buy a product or a service, and suppliers submit bids; the lowest bidder wins |
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Definition
| a card that contains a microprocessor that enables the card to store a considerable amount of info and to conduct processing |
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Definition
| indiscriminate distribution of email without the receiver's permission |
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Definition
| a form of electronic cash on which a fixed amount of prepaid money is stored; the amount is reduced each time the card is used |
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Definition
| online word-of-mouth marketing |
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Term
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Definition
| organizations in which the product, the process, and the delivery agent are all digital; also called pure-play organizations |
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Definition
| chip technology that enables short-range connection between wireless devices |
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Term
| global positioning system (GPS) |
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Definition
| a wireless system that uses satellites to enable users to determine their position anywhere on earth |
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Definition
| a small geographical perimeter within which a wireless access point provides service to a number of users |
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Definition
| a type of wireless transmission that uses red light not commonly visible to human eyes |
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Definition
| mobile commerce transaction targeted to individuals in specific locations at specific times |
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Definition
| internet browsers with a small file size that can work within the low memory constraints of wireless devices and the low bandwidths of wireless networks |
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Definition
| a wireless system that uses microwaves for high-volume, long-distance, point-to-point communication |
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Term
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Definition
| a real time wireless connection between a mobile device and other computing environments such as the internet or an intranet |
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Term
| near-field communications (NFC) |
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Definition
| the smallest of the short range wireless networks that is designed to be embedded in mobile devices such as cell phones and credit cards |
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Term
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Definition
| a computer environment in which virtually every object has processing power with wireless or wired connections to a global network |
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Term
| radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology |
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Definition
| a wireless technology that allows manufacturers to attach tags with antennas and computer chips on goods and then track their movement through radio signals |
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Term
| short message service (SMS) |
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Definition
| a service provided by digital cell phones that can send and receive short text messages (up to 160 characters) |
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Term
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Definition
| a high bandwidth wireless technology with transmission speeds in excess of 100 mbps that can be used for such applications as streaming multimedia from a personal computer to a television |
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Term
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Definition
| an antenna connecting a mobile device to a wired local area network |
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Term
| wireless sensor networks (WSN) |
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Definition
| networks of interconnected, batter powered, wireless sensors placed in the physical environment |
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Term
| ad-hoc (on demand) reports |
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Definition
| nonroutine reports that often contain special information that is not included in routine reports |
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Term
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Definition
| TPS that processes data in batches at fixed periodic intervals |
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Term
| computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) |
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Definition
| an information system that integrates various automated factory systems |
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Term
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Definition
| reports that show a greater level of detail than is included in routine reports |
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Term
| enterprise application integration (EAI) system |
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Definition
| a system that integrates existing systems by providing layers of software that connect applications together |
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Term
| enterprise resource planning (ERP) system |
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Definition
| information system that takes a business process view of the overall organization to integrate the planning, management, and use of all of an organization's resources, employing a common software platform and database |
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Term
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Definition
| reports that include only information that exceed certain threshold standards |
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Term
| function area information systems (FAISs) |
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Definition
| a system that provides information to managers (usually mid-level) in the function areas, in order to support managerial tasks of planning, organizing, and controlling operations |
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Term
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Definition
| reports that summarize the performance of critical activities |
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Term
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Definition
| any business event that generates dat worth capturing and storing in a database |
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Term
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Definition
| CRM systems that analyze customer behavior and perceptions in order to provide actionable business intelligence |
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Term
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Definition
| the practice of marketing additional related products to customers based on a pervious purchase |
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Term
| customer-facing CRM applications |
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Definition
| areas where customers directly interact with the organization, including customer service and support, sales force automation, marketing, and campaign management |
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Term
| customer relationship management |
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Definition
| a customer-focused and customer-driven organizational strategy that concentrates on satisfying customers by addressing their requirements for products and services, and then by providing high-quality, responsive service |
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Term
| customer-touching CRM applications |
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Definition
| applications and technologies with which customers interact and typically help themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| the component of CRM that supports the front office business process that directly interact with customers, e.g., sales, marketing, and service |
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Term
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Definition
| the component of an operational CRM system that automatically records all the aspects in a sales transaction process |
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Term
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Definition
| a sales strategy where the organization representative will provide to customer the opportunity to purchase higher-value related products or services as opposed to or along with the customer's initial product or service selection |
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Term
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Definition
| erratic shifts in orders up and down the supply chain |
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Term
| electronic data interchange (EDI) |
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Definition
| a communication standard that enables the electronic transfer of routine documents between business partners |
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Term
| interorganizational information system (IOS) |
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Definition
| an information system that supports information flow among two or more organizations |
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Term
| just-in-time (JIT) inventory system |
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Definition
| a system in which a supplier delivers the precise number of parts to be assembled into a finished product at precisely the right time |
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Term
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Definition
| a business model in which the production process begins with a customer order and companies make only what customers want, a process closely aligned with mass customization |
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Term
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Definition
| a business model in which the production process begins with a forecast, which predicts the products that customers will want as well as the quantity of each product. the company then produces the amount of products in the forecast, typically by using mass production, and sells, or pushes, those products to consumers |
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Term
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Definition
| an activity in which the leadership of an organization provide extensive oversight for the partnerships and process that comprise the supply cain and leverage these relationships to provide an operational advantage |
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Term
| vendor-managed inventory (VMI) |
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Definition
| an inventory strategy where the supplier monitors a vendor's inventory for a product or group of products and replenishes products when needed |
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Term
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Definition
| a subfield of computer science concerned with studying the thought processes of humans and representing the effects of those processes via machines |
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Definition
| information systems that assist managers in decision making by allowing extensive user driven data analysis via a variety of modeling techniques, or by providing easy, intuitive access to structured information |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of searching for valuable business information in a large database, data warehouse, or data mart |
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Term
| decision support systems (DSS) |
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Definition
| business intelligence systems that combine models and data in an attempt to solve semistructured problems with extensive user involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| a business intelligence system that provides rapid access to timely information and direct access to management reports |
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Term
| geographic information system |
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Definition
| a computer-based system for capturing, integrating, manipulating, and displaying data using digitized maps |
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Term
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Definition
| study that attempts to find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output |
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Term
| group decision support system (GDSS) |
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Definition
| an interactive computer based system that supports the process of finding solutions by a group of decision makers |
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Term
| multidimensional data analysis AND online analytical processing (OLAP) |
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Definition
| the process of performing complex multidimensional analyses of data stored in a database or data warehouse, typically using graphical software tools |
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Term
| natural language processing (NLP) |
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Definition
| communicating with a computer in the user's native language |
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Term
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Definition
| a system of programs and data structures that approximates the operation of the human brain |
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Definition
| the study of the impact that changes in one or more parts of a model have on other parts |
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Definition
| a test for artificial intelligence in which a human interviewer, conversing with both an unseen human being and an unseen computer, cannot determine which is which; named for English mathematician Alan Turing |
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Definition
| interactive, computer-generated, three dimensional graphics delivered to the user though a head-mounted display |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the impact of a change in the assumptions (input data) on the proposed solution |
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Term
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Definition
| a software development methodology that delivers functionality in rapid iterations, measured in weeks, requiring frequent communication, development, testing, and delivery |
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Term
| application service provider (ASP) |
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Definition
| an agent or vendor who assembles the software needed by enterprises and packages them with outsourced development, operations, maintenance, and other services |
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Term
| component-based development |
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Definition
| a software development methodology that uses standard components to build applications |
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Term
| computer-aided software engineering (CASE) |
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Definition
| development approach that uses specialized tools to automate many of the tasks in the SDLC; upper CASE tools automate the early stages of the SDLC, and lower CASE tools automate the later stages |
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Term
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Definition
| implementation process in which the old system is cut off and the new system is turned on at a certain point in time |
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Definition
| investigation that gauges the probability of success of a proposed project and provides a rough assessment of the project's feasibility |
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Term
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Definition
| a committee, comprised of a group of managers and staff representing various organizational units, set up to establish IT priorities and to ensure that the MIS function is meeting the needs of the enterprise |
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Term
| joint application design (JAD) |
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Definition
| a group-based tool for collecting user requirements and creating system designs |
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Term
| object-oriented development |
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Definition
| a systems development methodology that begins with aspects of the real world that must be modeled to perform a task |
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Term
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Definition
| use of outside contractors or external organizations to acquire IT service |
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Term
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Definition
| implementation process that introduces components of the new system in stages, until the entire new system is operational |
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Definition
| implementation process that introduces the new system in one part of the organization on a trial basis; when new system is working properly, it is introduced in other parts of the organization |
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Definition
| approach that defines an initial list of user requirements, builds a prototype system, and then improves the system in several iterations based on users' feedback |
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Term
| rapid application development (RAD) |
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Definition
| a development method that uses special tools and an iterative approach to rapidly produce a high-quality system |
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Term
| request for proposal (RFP) |
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Definition
| document that is sent to potential vendors inviting them to submit a proposal describing their software package and how it would meet the company's needs |
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Term
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Definition
| adding functions to an information system after the project has begun |
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Term
| service level agreements (SLAs) |
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Definition
| formal agreements regarding the division of work between a company and its vendors |
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Term
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Definition
| the examination of the business problem that the organization plans to solve with an information system |
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Term
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Definition
| IS professionals who specialize in analyzing and designing information systems |
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Term
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Definition
| describes how the new system will provide a solution to the business problem |
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Term
| systems development life cycle (SDLC) |
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Definition
| traditional structured framework, used for large IT projects, that consists of sequential processes by which information systems are developed |
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Term
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Definition
| all people who are affected by change in information systems |
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Term
| triple constraint of project management |
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Definition
| three factors, time, cost, and scope, that constrain all IS projects |
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