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| bad, abnormal, painful, difficult |
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| upon, over, above, on top |
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| excessive, abnormally high, above |
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| near, alongside, departure from normal |
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| flat shape, intervertebral disk |
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| haunch, hip joint, ischium |
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| crescent-shaped moon, meniscus |
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| bone marrow (also means spinal cord, medulla, and myelin sheath) |
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| sinew or cord (usually applied to nerves, but in muscular system it refers to fascia) |
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| binding of eggs, synovial |
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| germ, bud, developing cell |
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| hernia, swelling, protrusion |
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| a surgical puncture to aspirate fluids |
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| surgical fixation, fusion |
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| surgical fixation, fusion |
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| a small fluid sac in the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints |
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| the small bones of the wrist |
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| the small, narrow bones of the hands |
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| part of the skull, bones that surround the brain |
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| movement toward body midline |
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| movement away from the body midline |
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| a tough, fibrous connective tissue |
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| turning the distal end of a bone in a circle |
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| the bone of the upper leg or thigh |
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| a joint where the material btwn bones consist of fibrous connective tissue that allows very little or no movement btwn them |
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| the smaller of the two bones of the lower leg |
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| decreasing the angle btwn bones (bending a joint) |
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| bending the foot or toes upward |
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| bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes downward toward the ground |
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| the upper, wing-shaped bone of the pelvic girdle |
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| the inferior bone of the pelvic girdle |
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| a cresent shaped cartilage that helps stabilize joint movements: plural form menisci |
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| a flattened tendon, functions as a fascia that joins muscles together or jons muscle to bone |
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| thin layer of connective tissue that lines the marrow cavity |
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| a bone cell that is mobile and secretes bone matrix |
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| a bone cell that dissolves bone matrix |
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| a bone cell that is stationary, locked w/in bone matrix |
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| a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue that forms the outermost layer of a bone |
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| part of the skull, two bones at the top of the head |
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| the small, narrow bones of the fingers |
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| the small, narrow bones of the toes |
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| the long narrow shaft portion of long bones |
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| the anterior part of the pelvic girdle |
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| a cartilaginous joint that is the point of fusion for two pubic bones |
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| the bone of the forearm that is in line with the thumb |
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| 4 vertebrae that fuse in early childhood into a single bone that forms the dorsal wall of the pelvis |
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| bones of the skull, vertebral column, and bones of the thoracic cage |
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| the muscle tissue that forms the muscles attached to bones |
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| provides lubrication and shock-absorbing cushion in synovial joints |
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| a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone |
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| increasing the angle between bones |
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| turning a body part outward |
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| inability to coordinate muscles while executing a voluntary movement |
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| lacking development, or wasting |
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| abnormally slow development |
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| deformities that arise during development |
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| muscle tenderness or pain |
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| a state of rigidity of muscle during which the muscle is unable to contract |
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| an abnormal, sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
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| involuntary shaking of limbs |
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| abnormal, slow growthof long bones |
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| abnormal condition of joint stiffness |
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| inflammation and degeneration of a joint |
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| inflammation of cartilages w/in joints |
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| abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe |
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| a calcium deposit (or stone) w/in a bursa |
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| repetitive stress injury in which the median nerve of the wrist generates pain impulses due to inflammation of the synovial sheath |
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| deterioration or softening of cartilage |
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| prolonged, involuntary muscle contractions |
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| a fissure of the skull present at birth |
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| inflammation of an intervertebral disc |
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| Duschenne's muscular dystrophy |
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| at birth condition that results in progressive muscular weakness and deterioration |
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| inflammation of the cartilages of the elbow |
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| abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in joints, causes localized pain |
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| a rupture of an intervertebral disk, results in protrusion of tissue against spinal nerves or spinal cord generating pain |
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| deformity of the spine charaterized by presence of a hump; also known as hunchback |
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| inflammation of thee lateral tendon of the elbow |
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| deformity of the spine characterized by an anterior curve of the lumbar area |
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| inherited condition that resukts in excessive cartilage formation at the growth plates, forming long legs and arms |
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| inflammation of the maxilla |
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| inflammation of the meniscus |
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| a tumor composed of bone marrow cells |
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| a spasm or twitching of a muscle or muscle group |
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| protrusion of a muscle through its fascia |
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| inflammation of muscle tissue |
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| viral infection of the bones that causes deformitites of the skeleton results from the accleration of bone loss (Paget's Disease) |
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| age-related deterioration of joints that is accompanied by erosion of cartilage and painful inflammation |
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| inflammation of bone and associated cartilage |
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| inherited condition that reults in impaired growth and fragile bones |
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| gradual and painful softening of bones |
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| painful bone infection caused by bacteria |
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| excessive formation of dense bone |
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| abnormal loss of bone density |
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| paralysis of both legs and lower part of the nody |
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| inflammation of many muscles simultaneously |
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| paralysis of all four appendages |
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| gradual joint deterioration that is caused by an autoimmune respone (attack by bodies WBCs) |
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| abnormal lateral curvature of spine |
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| trauma to the spinal cord which often results in paralysis |
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| inflammation of the intervertebral joints |
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| an injury that results from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range tearing its collagen fibers |
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