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| bone marrow or spinal cord |
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| pelvis (basin) or hip bone |
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| rod-shaped or striated (skeletal) |
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| bones of the shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities |
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| bones of the skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue) |
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| specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes (bones cells; forms the skeleton |
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| tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones |
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| spongy bone or cancellous bone |
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| mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity |
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| bones of the arms and legs |
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| bones of the wrist and ankles |
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| bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull |
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| bones of the vertebrae and face |
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| round bones found near joints (ex. the patella) |
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| wide ends of a long bone (physis=growth) |
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| growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during development of a long bone |
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| membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone |
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| cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow |
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| soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones |
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| functions to form RBC's, some WBC's, and platelets; found in the cavities of most bones in infants and in the flat bones in adults |
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| gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells |
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| a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
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| a gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate |
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| a joint; the point where two bones come together |
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| a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid |
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| a flat, plate-like structure composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue between the vertebrae that reduces friction |
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| the soft, fibrocartilaginous, central portion of intervertebral disk |
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| a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone |
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| membrane lining the capsule of a joint |
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| joint-lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane |
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| tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body |
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| striated or skeletal muscle |
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| voluntary muscle attached to the skeleton |
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| involuntary muscle found in internal organs |
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| muscle end attached to the bone that does not move when the muscle contracts |
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| muscle end attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts |
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| a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone |
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| a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle |
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| anatomic or anatomical position |
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| a term of reference that health professionals use when noting body planes, positions, or directions: the person is assumed to be standing upright (erect), facing forward, feet pointed forward and slightly apart, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward |
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| reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body parts |
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| vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions |
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| vertical division of the body into right and left portions |
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| horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions |
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| from front to back, as in references to the direction of an x-ray beam |
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| from back to fron, as in reference to the direction of an x-ray beam |
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| situated above another structure, toward the head |
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| situated below another structure, away from the head |
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| toward the beginning or origin of a structure; for example, the proximal aspect of the femur (thigh bone) is the area closest to where it attaches to the hip |
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| away from the beginning or origin of a structure; for example, the distal aspect of the femur is the area at the end of the bone near the knee |
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| toward the middle (midline) |
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| the imaginary line that runs through the center of the body or a body part |
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| lying down, especially in a bed; lateral decubitus is lying on the side (decumbo: to lie down) |
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| horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back (on the spine) |
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| bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased |
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| straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bone is increased |
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| movement away from the body |
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| circular movement around an axis |
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| turning outward (ex. of a foot) |
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| turning inward (ex. of a foot) |
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| turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) upward or forward |
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| turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) downward or backward |
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| bending of the foot or the toes upward |
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| bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground |
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| total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements (ex. ability to flex, extend, abduct, or adduct); measured in degrees |
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| instrument used to measure joint angles (gonio=angle) |
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