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Definition
| manages the resources and activities of the computer. |
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| applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list. |
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| organizes, manages, and processes data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors. |
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| generally older transaction processing systems created for older computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them. |
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| fits on a desktop but has more powerful mathematical and graphic-processing capabilities than a PC. Used if your doing an advanced design or engineering work requiring powerful graphics or computational capabilities. |
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| Large capacity, high performance, computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly. |
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| specifically designed and more sophisticated computer that is used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variable. |
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| involves connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" by combining the computational power of all computers on the grid. |
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| the use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing. |
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| all processing is accomplished by one large central computer. (Far less common). |
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| widely used firm of distributed processing that splits processing between "clients" and "servers". Both are on the network, but each machine is assigned functions it is best suited to perform. |
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Definition
| user point of entry for the required function and is normally a desktop or laptop computer. |
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| Client/Server Architectures (N-tier) |
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Definition
| the work of the entire network is balanced over several different levels of servers, depending on the kind of service being requested. |
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Definition
| handles all application operations between a use and an organization's back-end business sytem. |
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| most widely used secondary storage medium today. |
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Definition
| use laser technology to store large quantities of data, including sound and images, in a highly compact form. |
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Term
| CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) |
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Definition
| 4.75 inch compact disc that can store up to 660 megabytes. |
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| DVD (Digital Video Discs) |
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Definition
| Optical disks same size as CD-ROMS but of even higher capacity, storing a minimum of 4.7 gigabytes of data. |
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Definition
| older storage technology that is used for secondary storage of large quantities of data that are needed rapidly but not instantly. It stores data sequentially and is relatively slow compared to the speed of other secondary storage media. |
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Term
| SAN (Storage Area Networks) |
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Definition
| Connect multiple storage devices on a seperate high-speed network dedicated to storage. Creates a large central pool of storage that can be rapdily accessed and shared by multiple servers. |
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Definition
| gather data and convert them into electronic form for use by the computer. |
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Definition
| display data after they have been processed. |
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Definition
| uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technology permits. |
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Definition
| process of presenting a set of computing resources (such as computing power or data storage) so that they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location. Enables multiple physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear to the user as multiple logical resources. |
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Definition
| model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software and other services are provided as a pool of virtualized resources over a network, primarily the internet. |
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Definition
| is owned and maintained by a cloud service provider, such as Amazon Web Services adn made available to the general public or industry group. |
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Term
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Definition
| operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on or off premis. Also able to allocate storage, computing power or other resources seamlessly to provide computing resources on an as-needed basis. |
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Definition
| organizations prchase their ocmputing services from remot providers and pay only for the amount of computing power they actually use (utility computing) or are billed on a montly or annual subscription. |
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| Green Computing or Green IT |
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Definition
| refers to practices and technologies for designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and technologies for designing, manufacturing, using and disposing of computers, servers, and associated devices such as monitors, printers, storage devices and networking and communications systems to minimize impact on the environment. |
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Definition
| integrated circuit to which two or more processor cores have been attached for enhanced performance, reduced power consumption and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks. |
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| industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure themselves, optimize and tune themselves, heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self destruction. |
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Definition
| system software that manages and control the computers activities. |
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| Graphical User Interface (GUI) |
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Definition
| contemporary PC operating systesm adn many types of contemporary application software use this which makes extensive use of icons, buttons, bars and boxes to perform a task. |
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Definition
| allows you to use one or more fingers to perform special gestures to manipulate lists or objects on a screen without using a mouse or keypad. |
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Definition
| provides a lightweight operating system for cloud computing using a Web-connected computer or mobile device. |
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| open source operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by google. |
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Definition
| is a multiuser, multitasking operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to connect various machines together and is highly supportive of communication and networking. Often used on workstations and servers, and provides the reliability and scabality for running large systems on high end servers. |
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Definition
| is a UNIX-like operating system that can be downloaded from the Internet free of charge or purchased for a small fee from companies that provide additional tools for the software. |
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Definition
| provides all computer users with free access to its program code, so they can modify teh code to fix errors or to make improvements. |
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| combines data and procedures. |
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Definition
| widely used visual programming tool and environment for creating applications that run on Microsoft Windows operating systems. |
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Term
| Visual Programming Language |
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Definition
| allows users to manipulate graphic or iconic elements to create programs. |
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Term
| Fourth Generation Languages |
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Definition
| consist of a variety of software tools that enable end users to develop software applications with minimal or no technical assistance or that enhance professional programmers productivity. They tend to be nonprocedural, or less procedural, than conventional programming languages. |
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Definition
| software tools that provide immediate online answers to requests for information that not predefined, such as "Who are the highest-performing sales representatives?". |
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Definition
| stores text data electronically as a computer file rather than on paper. |
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