Term
| Explain how carbon's electron configuration accounts for its ability to form large, complex, and diverse organic molecules. |
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Definition
| Carbons electron conviguration may creater larger compounds in that its valence shell holds four electrons. There are four more places for other elements with an active valence shell to attach. |
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Term
| Describe how carbon skeletons may very, and explain how this variation contributes to the diversity and complexity of organic molecules. |
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Definition
| Carbon skeletons may very in length, branching, double bonds, and rings. These veriations show the diversity of molecules in that the same elements can be bonded together in different ways. |
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Term
| Describe the basic structure ofa hydrocarbon and explain why these molecules are hydrophobic. |
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Definition
| Atoms of hydrogen are attached to the carbon skeleton wherever electrons are available for covalent bonding. These molocules are hydrophobic because its products (petroleum) do not dissolve n water. |
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Term
| Distinguish among the three types of isomers: structural, geometric, and enantiomer. |
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Definition
Structural: differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
Geometric: has the same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements.
Enantiomer: molecules that are mirror images of each other. |
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Term
| Name the major functional groups found in organic molecules. Describe the basic strcuture of each functional group and outline the chemical properties of the organic molecules in which they occure. |
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Definition
| Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, and phosphate groups. |
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