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| Physiological Explanation |
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| describes the mechanisms that produce a behavior. |
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| relates to the behavior of the evolutionary history of the species |
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| developmental explanation |
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| deals with changes over age. |
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| an excitation that travels along an axon at a constant strength, no matter how far it must travel. |
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| an electrical poloarization across the membrane (or covering of an axon) |
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| the specialized junction between one neuron and another, a neuron releases a chemical that either excites or inhibits the next neuron |
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| a chemical that activates receptors on other neurons |
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| the neuron on the receiving end of the synapse |
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a condition that affects about 1% of people over the age of 50
symptoms inclue involuntary moving, slow movement, tremors, depressed mood |
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| enhance certain experiences, weaken others,and garble thinking and speech by their effects on synapses |
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| drugs that increase energy, alertness and activity |
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| drugs that decrease arousal |
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| tanquilizers/ anxiolytic drugs |
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| drugs that produce drowsiness, insensitivity to pain, and decreased responsiveness |
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| either natural drufs derived from the opium poppy or synthetic opiates |
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| bind to the opiate receptors & inhibit chronic pain |
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| drugs that induce sensory distortions |
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Definition
| the brain and spinal cord, uses the PHS to communicate with the rest of the body |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
bundles of nerves between the spinal cord and the rest of the body
somatic; connects skin and muscles
autonomic; connects to the heart stomach and other organs |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
bundles of nerves between the spinal cord and the rest of the body
somatic; connects skin and muscles
autonomic; connects to the heart stomach and other organs |
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Definition
| outer covering of the brain |
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| located toward the left and right sides of the head,is the main area for hearing and some of the complex aspects of vision |
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| subcortical structure deep within the temporal lobe, responds to emotions |
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| specialized in senses, including touch, pain, temperature, and awareness of body parts in space |
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| primary somatosensory cortex |
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Definition
| a strip in the anterior portion of the parietal lobe, has cells sensitive to the touch in different body areas. |
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| includes primary motor cortex, important for the planned control of fine movements |
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| memory and planning of movements |
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| active when you make a movement or when you watch someone make a similar movement |
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| located below the thalamus, important for hunger, thirst, temp regulation, sex and other behaviors |
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| controls the muscles in the head |
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| controls muscles from the neck down |
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| important for any behavior that requires aim or timing, such as tapping out a rhythm, judging which of two things are moving faster. |
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| electroencephalograph (EEG) |
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Definition
| uses electrodes on the scalp to record rapid changes in brain electrical activity |
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| magnetoenceohalograph (MEG) |
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Definition
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| Positron-emission tomography (PET) |
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| records radioactivity of various brain areas emitted from injected chemicals |
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| functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) |
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Definition
| uses magnetic detectors outside the head to compare the amounts of hemoglobin with and without oxygen in different brain areas |
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| closely associated with the spinal cord, controls the internal organs such as the heart |
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| a set of glands that produce hormones and release them into the blood |
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| are chemicals released by glands and conveyed via the blood to alter activity in various organs |
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| change as a result of an experience |
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| a set of axona that connect the left and right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex |
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| a condition in whih cells somewhere in the brain admit abnormal rythmic spontaneous impulses |
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| the question of how separate brain areas combine forces to produce a unified perception of a single obeject |
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| the conversion of energy from the environment into a pattern of response by the nervous system |
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| the interpretation of that information |
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| energies from the world around us that affect us in some way |
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| specialized cells that convert environmental energies into signals for the nervous system |
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| the continuum of all the frequencies of radiated energy |
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| adjustable opening in the eye |
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| colored structure on the surface of the eye surrounding the pupil |
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| adapted for vision in dim light |
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