Term
| An architecture model based on the OSI protocol suite, which defines and standardizes the flow of data between computers. |
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Definition
| Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Seven-Layer Model |
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Term
| An architecture model based on the TCP/IP protocol suite, which defines and standardizes the flow of data between computers. |
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Definition
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Term
| An arrangement that governs the procedures used to exchange information between cooperating entities; usually includes how much information is to be sent, how often it is sent, how to recover from transmission errors, and who is to receive the information. |
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Definition
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Term
| A popular cabling for telephone and networks composed of pairs of wires twisted around each other at specific intervals. |
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Definition
| Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) |
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Term
| An electronic device that sits at the center of a star topology network, providing a common point for the connection of network devices. |
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Definition
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Term
| A device that filters and forwards traffic based on some criteria. |
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Definition
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Term
| Traditionally, an expansion card that enables a PC to link physically to a network. |
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Definition
| Network Interface Card (NIC) |
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Term
| The part of a NIC that remembers the NIC's own MAC address and attaches that address to outgoing frames. |
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Definition
| Media Access Control (MAC) |
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Term
| The first 24 bits of a MAC address, assigned to the NIC manufactured by the IEEE. |
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Definition
| Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) |
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Term
| The last six digits of a MAC address, identifying the manufacturer's unique serial number for that NIC. |
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Definition
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Term
| An address burned into a ROM chip on a NIC. A MAC address is an example of this. |
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Definition
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Term
| A defined series of binary data that is the basic container for a discrete amount of data moving across a network. They are created in Layer 2 of the OSI model. |
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Definition
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Term
| A sequence of bits placed in a frame that is used to check the primary data for errors. |
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Definition
| Frame Check Sequence (FCS) |
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Term
| A mathmatical method that is used to check for errors in long streams of transmitted data with high accuracy. |
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Definition
| Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) |
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Term
| A frame or packet addressed to all machines, almost always limited to a broadcast domain. |
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Definition
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Term
| The address a NIC attaches to a frame when it wants every other NIC on the network to read it. |
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Definition
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Term
| The aspect of the NIC that talks to the operating system, places data coming from the sofware into frames, and creates the FCS on each frame. |
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Definition
| Logical Link Control (LLC) |
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Term
| A programmable network address, unlike a physical address that is burned into ROM. |
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Definition
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Term
| Each independent network in a TCP/IP internetwork. |
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Definition
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Term
| Special software that exists in every network-capable operating system that acts to create unique identifiers for each system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Part of the TCP/IP suite, operates at Layer 4 (transport) of the OSI seven-layer model. |
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Definition
| Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) |
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Term
| The internet standard protocol that handles the logical naming of the TCP/IP protocol using IP addresses. |
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Definition
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Term
| The numeric address of a computer connected to a TCP/IP network, such as the internet. |
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Definition
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Term
| A device that connects separate networks and forwards a packet from one network to another based only on the network address for the protocol being used. |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic component of communication over a network. A group of bits of fixed maximum size and well-defined format that is switched and transmitted as a complete whole through a network. |
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Definition
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Term
| Handles the process of differentiating among various types of connections on a PC. |
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Definition
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Term
| A protocol used by some older applications, most prominently TFTP, to transfer files. |
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Definition
| User Datagram Protocol (UDP) |
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Term
| The connection-oriented payload of an IP packet. Works on the Transport layer. |
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Definition
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Term
| A connectionless networking container used in UDP communication. |
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Definition
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