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| an application of Charles Darwin's scientific theories of natural selection and the survival of the fittest to the struggle between nations and races; used in the late 1800s to justify imperialism and racism |
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| British imperialist and business magnate; he was one of the foremost advocates of expanding the British Empire and was a strong believer in the superiority of the 1CAnglo-Saxon 1D race. |
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| Egyptian waterway connecting the Mediterranean and Red seas; built in 1869 by Franco-Egyptian company; in 1875 Britain bought Egypt's share in the canal |
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| a meeting at which representatives from European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa |
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| King of Belgium from 1865 to 1909; he financed an expedition to the Congo and assumed the title of sovereign of the Congo Free State. His armies treated the Congolese brutally and exploited them as workers. |
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| Founder of the Zulu Empire; he reorganized the army and introduced new fighting tactics. He subdued neighboring peoples, consolidating an empire that encompassed most of southern Africa. |
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| Emperor of Ethiopia after 1889; he gained Ethiopian independence from Italy in 1896. |
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| European influence in africa |
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| New imperialism in africa |
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| the rapid invasion of Africa by European powers to obtain manufacturing materials during the industrial revolution |
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| Competition between European nations and discrimination and social Darwinism fueled ____________ |
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| European Nations in Africa aided |
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| advances in medicine, weapons ,communication, and transportation |
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| _________ influenced Britain's interest in Egypt |
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| _____________ mediated European disputes |
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| ____________ controlled Congo with brutal methods. |
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| Resistance to imperialism |
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| Ethiopians defeated the ________ |
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| Manlinke people fought against _____ rule in west Africa |
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| Maji Maji Rebellion was out down by ______ in east Africa |
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| _____ declares Independence from Spain |
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| Mexican president _______ is overthrown |
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| Napoleon III overthrows Mexican government, installs archduke _________ as emporer |
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| ___________ returned to Cuba to join uprising against Spain. |
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| _____ canal built in 1911 |
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| Rebels led by _____ in the Mexican Revolution |
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| in 1917 a new ________________ goes in effect |
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| Santa Anna, Antonio López de |
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| (1794–1876) Mexican general, president, and dictator; he fought in the Texas Revolution and seized the Alamo but was defeated and captured by Sam Houston at San Jacinto. |
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| (1830–1915) Mexican general and politician; president and dictator of Mexico for 30 years, he sought foreign investment but ruled harshly. |
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| (1879–1919) Mexican revolutionary; he led the revolt against Porfirio Díaz in the south of Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. |
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| Villa, Francisco “Pancho” |
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| (1878–1923) Mexican bandit and revolutionary leader; he led revolts against Carranza and Huerta. He was pursued by the United States but evaded General Pershin |
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| (1859–1920) Mexican revolutionist and politician; he led forces against Vitoriano Huerta during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920). |
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| (1853–1895) Cuban writer and independence fighter; he was killed in battle but became a symbol of Cuba’s fight for freedom. |
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| (1898) war fought between Spain and the United States that began after the sinking of the battleship USS Maine; the United States won the war in four months, gaining control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines |
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| (1869–1964) Self-proclaimed president of the new Philippine Republic in 1899; he fought for Filipino independence from the United States. |
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| (1904) a policy proposed by U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt as an addition, or corollary, to the Monroe Doctrine; it pledged to use U.S. military force to prevent European interference in the internal affairs of Latin American nations while reserving for the United States the right to intervene |
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