Term
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Definition
| organism that causes disease |
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Term
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Definition
| ability of organism to cause infection |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to produce disease when present in very small numbers |
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Term
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Definition
| disrupt normal cell activity |
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Term
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Definition
| drug effective against pathogens such as bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic infection |
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Term
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Definition
| natural substance produced by baceria that can kill other bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| gram positive or gram negative |
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Term
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Definition
| baccilli (rods) cocci (spheres) spirilla (spirals) |
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Term
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Definition
| aerobic (uses oxygen) anarobic grows without oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| slows the growth of bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| errors while duplicating their genetic code |
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Term
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Definition
| infection resistive to medication |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial may pass the resistance gene to other bacteria by transferring small pieces of cicular dna called this |
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Term
| 60% of staphylococcus is resistant to _____________ now. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| prophylactic or chemoprophylaxis |
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Definition
| taking medication to prevent an infection |
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Term
| If infection is severe and C&S is not complete this is given |
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Definition
| broad spectrum antibiotic |
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Term
| after lab testing is done and C&S determines the pathogen this is given |
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Definition
| narrow-spectrum antibiotic(cause less adverse effects) |
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Term
| One common adverse effect of anti-infective drugs is appearance of_____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| S/S of superinfection includes |
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Definition
| diarrhea, bladder pain, painful urination, abnormal vaginal discharge |
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Term
| What is more likely to cause a superinfection? |
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Definition
| broad spectrum antibiotics |
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Term
| The structure of penicillin that is responsible for antibacterial activity? |
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Definition
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Term
| some bacteria secrete this which splits the beta-lactum ring |
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Definition
| beta lactamase or penicillinase |
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Term
| adverse effects of penicillin |
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Definition
| allergy is most common which includes rash, fever and anaphylaxis. Less common includes skin rashes, and low RBC, WBC, or platelets |
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Term
| cephalosporins are classified by their___________ |
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Definition
| generation 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th. |
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Term
| cephalosporins are used for |
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Definition
| gram negative infection and for patients who cannot tolerate penicillins |
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Term
| 5-10% who are allergic to penicillins might be allergic to this too. |
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Definition
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Term
| cephalosporins are contraindicated if_________ |
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Definition
| the patient has a history of allergic reaction to penicillins |
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Term
| Examples of tetracyclines |
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Definition
| democlocycline (Declomycin), doxycycline (vibramycin) minocycline (sumycin) tigecycline (tygacil) |
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Term
| Examples of cephalosporins |
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Definition
1st gen: cefadroxil (duricef), cefazolin (ancef), cephalexin (keflex)
2nd gen: cefaclor (Ceclor), cefotetan (cefotan), cefprozil (cefzil), cefuroxime (ceftin)
3rd gen: cefdinir (omnicef), cefditoren (spectracef), cefixime (suprax), cefotaxime (claforan)
ceftriaxone (rocephin) |
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Term
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Definition
| exert a bacteriostatic which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis |
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Term
| This is used to treat rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus, cholera, lyme disease, ulcers caused by helicobactor pylori, and chlamydia infections |
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Definition
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Term
| adverse effect of tetracyclines |
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Definition
| gastric distress, photosensitivity |
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Term
| This cuases tetracyclines to decrease absorption by 50% |
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Definition
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Term
| Tetracycline causes________ in children under 9 |
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Definition
| permanent yellowing of teeth |
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Term
| Macrolides are safe alternatives to___________ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| azithromycin (zithromax), clarithromycin (biaxin), dirithromycin (dynabac), erythromycin (E-mycin, Erythrocin) |
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Term
Pharm class antibacterial
Ther Class macrolide protein synthesis inhibitor |
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Definition
| Erythromycin (E-mycin, Erythrocin) |
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Term
| Adverse effects of macrolides |
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Definition
| mild gi upset, diarrhea, abd pain |
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Term
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Definition
| whooping cough, legionnaire's disease, and infections by streptococcus, H. Influenzae, M. pneumoniae, and chlamydia. |
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