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What are the four kinds biological macromolecules |
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Definition
Carbohydrates Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen 1:2:1 ration |
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| What is the most common monosaccharide |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
glycogen
cellulose
starch
They are all polymers of glucose |
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Definition
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Eicosanoids
Steroids |
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Term
| Do Lipids dissolve in water |
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Definition
| no - they are non polar covalent bonds |
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Definition
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Definition
| Sometimes more than one amino acid chain come together to make a protein these are called |
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Term
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Definition
3-carbon glycerol
2 fatty acid tails (non-polar)
A head region that is polar and contails a phosphate group
Major component of plasma membranes (microchrondia) |
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Term
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Definition
| prostaglandins - involved in the inflammatory response thromboxanes - involved in blood clotting |
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Term
| What molecule is a modified fatty acid and acts as a signaling molecule |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Structure base on cholsterol
Some are components of plasma membranes
Some function as signaling molecules |
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Term
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Definition
ATP,NAD,FAD,cAMP, and cGMP
function in energy storage
build nucleic acids (A,C,G,T and U) |
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Term
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Definition
DNA and RNA
chains (or double chains, in the case of DNA) of nucleotides |
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Term
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Definition
| a gene in DNA copied into the form of an mRNA chain |
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Term
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Definition
| mRNA translated to an amino acid chain |
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Definition
| a molecule that contains both polar and nonpolar regions |
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Term
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Definition
| The determination of which proteins are made in a cell depends on control of this process |
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Term
| Which lipid is an amphipthic structure |
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Definition
| phospholipis - contains two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to the third carbon of glycerol. The two fatty acids form tail region which is nonpolar and the head region is polar |
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Term
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Definition
simple sugars, composed of a single unit
EX: glucose |
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Term
| Controlling gene expression means controlling what |
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Definition
| which genes in the DNA get transcribed into mRNA, so that the correxponding proteins are produced in the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Maintains boundary of cell and integrity of cell structure; embedded proteins serve multiple functions |
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Term
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Definition
| Houses DNA which dictates sellular function and protein synthesis |
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Definition
| Synthesis of ribosomal RNA |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Post-translational processing; packaging and sorting of proteins |
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Definition
| the synthesis of large molecules from smaller molecules, which requires an input of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the breakdown of large molecules to smaller molecules, which releases energy |
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Term
| What are the steps of protein synthesis |
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Definition
1) DNA is transcribed according to the genetic code to form a complementry mRNA in teh nucleus
2) mRNA moves from teh nucleus to the cytoplasm
3) mRNA is translated by ribosomes to form the correct amino acid sequence of the protein in the cytoplasm |
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Term
| Where does translation occurr |
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Definition
| cytoplasm in associatin with ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| interphase and cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| is the period between cell divisions; mitosis and cytokinesis make up the process of cell division |
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Term
| During what phase is DNA replicated |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five phases of mitosis |
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Definition
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase |
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