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| Emperor of Austria-Hungary from 1848 to 1916; during his long reign he took small steps to address the democratic and nationalist aspirations of his people. |
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| Austria-Hungary (1867–1918), two separate, equal states ruled by one monarch |
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| (1853–1856) war between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, ostensibly over access for Eastern Orthodox Christians to the Holy Land, controlled by the Ottomans; Britain and France allied with the Ottomans to check Russian expansion |
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| (1912–1913) two wars that cost the Ottoman Empire all of its European territories except the area around Constantinople (Istanbul) |
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| Turkish reformist and nationalist political party active in the early 20th century |
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| Austria was ______ nationalist activities |
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| _______________ attempted to unite European nations against nationalist revolutions |
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| Resignation of _______________ and the Austrian emperor |
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| In Hungary, Revolution stopped by _______ |
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| ____________ created in 1867 |
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| _____________ made Austria and Hungary two separate and equal states under one ruler |
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| ___________ remained divided |
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| Ottoman Empires nationalist groups began revolutions in the _____ |
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| Young ______ began revolutions in 1908 |
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| Turks revolution lead to more representative and ______ governments |
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Laws that prohibited any reforms that conflicted with absolute monarchy
Censored newspapers
secret police force that spied on students suspected of liberal or nationalist revolutionary activities |
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| Also known as Austria-Hungary |
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| created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary |
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| What would happen if the Ottoman Empire collapsed? Specifically Constantinople |
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| Russia wanted to control Constantinople so that is would have access to the |
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| well known for her work to save lives during the Crimean war |
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| Overturn the gains that Russia made on the Ottomans. |
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| a government in which the ruler holds absolute power |
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| peasants who were legally bound to their lord's land |
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| Czar of Russia from 1855 to 1851; he freed the Russian serfs and passed other liberal reforms in Russia. |
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| the organized persecutions and massacres of Jews in Russia in the 1880s |
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| railroad, begun in 1891, linking western Russia to Siberia in the east |
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| an imperialistic conflict that stemmed from the rival designs of Russia and Japan on Manchuria and Korea, resulting in the defeat of Russia |
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| a type of republic in which there is no private property and the state owns and distributes all goods to people |
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| Russian revolutionary and founder of Bolshevism; he rose to power in Russia following the Russian Revolution in 1917 |
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| January 22, 1905, the day that czarist troops fired on protestors at the Winter Palace, igniting the Russian Revolution of 1905 |
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| the Russian legislative assembly, formed after the Revolution of 1905 |
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| revolution group, included military solders, officers, refused to declare elegance to Nicholas I |
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| Assassinated Alexander II |
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| reactionary, person that wants to go back to old ways |
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| autocrat industry developed under his rule rapidly. |
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| Russians who followed the communist theory of Karl Marx. |
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| a Russian priest led in saint peters burg on bloody Sunday. |
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| an official promise for reform and more democratic government. Promised Russian constitution. freedom of speech. right to vote |
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