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| movement of Earth's crust that occurs when rocks in crust suddenly shift, releasing stored energy |
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| vibrations that carry the energy released during an earthquake |
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| force of deformation acting on rocks of Earth's crust |
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| point on earth's surface directly above focus of an earthquake |
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| primary waves; longitudinal waves caused by earthquakes |
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| secondary waves; tranverse waves caused by earthquakes |
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| waves that travel along a surface separating two media; a tranverse wave that develops when a seismic wave reached Earth's surface |
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| a device that can detect and record seismic waves |
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| the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere called plates, move about slowly on top of the asthenosphere |
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| an ancient supercontinent formed about 300 million years ago, which later gave rise to today's continents |
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| the process in which the continents move slowly across Earth's surface |
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| a boundary at which tectonic plates move away from each other |
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| a boundary at which tectonic plates collide |
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| a boundary at which tectonic plates slide past each other. moving in opposite directions |
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| a chain of underwater mountains |
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| the process by which new oceanic crust is created a mid-ocean ridges, as older crusts move away |
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| process by which oceanic crust sinks into the mantle through a trench |
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| a long, deep depression in the ocean floor where old oceanic crust sinks into the mantle |
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| rock that forms from magma or lava |
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| a mixture of molten rock and gases, including water vapor, which forms underground |
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| magama that flows over Earth's surface |
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| an igneous rock that forms underground from hardened magma |
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