Term
| What is a migraine? What does it cause? |
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Definition
| inflammation of the trigeminal nerve, causes moderate to severe headache |
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Term
| Is a migraine typically felt all over the head? |
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Definition
| no, typically felt on one side |
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Term
| What can cause a migraine? |
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Definition
-stress
-injury
-hormonal changes
-chemical stimuli
-genetics |
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Term
| What are the stages of a migraine? |
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Definition
1st stage- prodronal
2nd stage
3rd stage
4th stage-postdronal |
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Term
| How long does the 1st stage of a migraine last? |
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Definition
| can last for days before a migraine |
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Term
| What occurs in the second stage, it is always present? How soon is it before the migraine? |
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Definition
-aura(not always present)
-within hours of migraine |
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Term
| What happens in the 3rd stage of migraines? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens in the 4th/postdronal stage? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pain like in stage 0? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pain like in stage 1? |
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Definition
| mild pain, does not interfere with usual activities |
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Term
| What is the pain like in stage 2? |
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Definition
| moderate pain, inhibits but does not prevent actitives |
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Term
| What is the pain like in stage 3? |
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Definition
| severe pain, prevents normal activities |
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Term
| What types of medications can be used for preventative migraine treatment? (4) |
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Definition
-B-blockers
-Ca channel blockers
-tricyclic antidepressants
-anticonvulsants |
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Term
| What are some nonspecific drugs used to treat acute migraine episodes? (2) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some specific drugs used to treat acute migraine episodes? (2) |
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Definition
-triptans
-dihydroergotamine |
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Term
| When can triptans be used to stop a migraine? |
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Definition
| in any stage except recovery, but the earlier the better |
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Term
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Definition
| selective agonists of serotonin (5-HT) receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| -causes vascoconstriction and this reduces the pressure on the nerve to reduce/stop pain |
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Term
| What are some examples of triptan medications? (4) |
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Definition
-sumatriptan(Imitrex)
-naratriptan(Amerge)
-eletriptan(Relpax)
-rizatriptan(Maxalt) |
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Term
| What is the onset of triptans like? |
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Definition
-rapid
-30 mins for tablet, shorter for nasal spray or injection |
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Term
| What are some adverse reactions from triptans? |
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Definition
| increased blood pressure and irregular heartbeat |
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Term
| What are some triptan drug interactions? |
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Definition
| -MAIOs, SSRIs, local anesthetics <-- because these cause increased blood pressure too |
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Term
| What is another form of abortive migraine treatments? |
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Definition
| hypnosis and meditation, can relieve pain and stress in certain migraine suffers) |
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Term
| What is an OTC migraine remedy? What does it contain? |
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Definition
-Excedrin Migraine
-contains aceta, aspirin, caffeine |
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Term
| What is a fungus that can help with severe, long-term migraines? |
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Definition
| -Ergot derivatives, used to be used for preventative care but anymore because it can cause CNS damage |
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Term
| How do Ergot derivatives work? |
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Definition
-vascoconstrictors of cranial tissue
-expensive but fast acting |
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Term
| What is the duration of Ergot derivatives like? What pregnancy cat is it? |
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Definition
-longer than triptans
-preg cat X |
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Term
| What is a anticonvulsant used to treat migraines? How does it work? |
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Definition
-topiramate(Topamax)
-mechanism of action is unknown but it seems to work for a lot of people |
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Term
| What is a b-blocker used to treat migraines? How long does it take? Who is it contradicted in? |
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Definition
-propranolol(Inderal)
-may take 4-6 weeks to work
-contraindicate for asthamatics |
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Term
| What is an injection that can help with migraines? How does it work? How long do the effects last? |
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Definition
-botox
-prevents pain transmitter release
-works up to 6 months for single injection |
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