Term
| Medically approved use of CNS stimulants are limited to the use of: |
|
Definition
ADHD
Narcolepsy
Obesity
Reversal of respiratory distress |
|
|
Term
| Amphetamines and caffeine are the major group of CNS stimulants, which stimulate: |
|
Definition
| The cerebral cortex of the brain. |
|
|
Term
| _______ & ________ act on the brainstem and medulla to stimulate respiration. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anorexiants act to some degree on the ____ _____ and _______ to supress _____. |
|
Definition
Cerebral cortex
Hypothalamus
Appetite |
|
|
Term
| Long term use of amphetamines can produce __________ ___________ & _______. |
|
Definition
Psychological dependence
Tolerance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dysregulation of the transmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Intelligence is usually affected in children with ADHD. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is characterized by falling asleep during normal waking activities. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What usually accompanies narcolepsy, affecting voluntary muscles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amphetamines stimulate the release of neurotransmitters _____ & _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amphetamines can cause, besides euphoria and alertness: |
|
Definition
| sleeplessness, restlness, tremors, and irritability. |
|
|
Term
| What are cardiovascular problems associated with the continuous use of amphetamines? |
|
Definition
| Increased HR, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias, and increased BP |
|
|
Term
| What is the t1/2 of amphetamines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of urine excretes amphetamines faster? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For what are amphetamines prescribed? |
|
Definition
| Narcolepsy, and in some cases ADHD |
|
|
Term
| Which are the three amphetamine drugs that may be prescribed for effective control of ADHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects and adverse reactions of amphetamines? |
|
Definition
Restlessness
Insomnia
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Heart palpitations
Dry mouth
Anorexia
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Constipation
Impotence |
|
|
Term
| What are two amphetamine-like drugs used to increase a child's attention span and cognitive performance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ritalin and Focalin are amphetamine-like drugs used to: |
|
Definition
| Increase a child's attention span and cognitive performance and to decrease impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and restlessness. |
|
|
Term
| Which amphetamine-like drug may be used to treat narcolepsy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a drug prescribed for narcolepsy that increases the amount of time clients feel awake? Its MOA is not fully known. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequently prescribed drug to treat ADHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often and when is Ritalin usually administered to children? |
|
Definition
Twice/Day
Before breakfast and lunch
30-45 minutes before meals as food affects absorption |
|
|
Term
| How long before bed should Ritalin be administered? |
|
Definition
| At least 6 hours before sleep |
|
|
Term
| What is a secondary use of Ritalin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of drug is considered more effective in treating ADHD than amphetamines, with the exception of Adderall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of CNS stimulant is generally avoided because of its higher potential for abuse, habituation, and tolerance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs enhance the actions of Ritalin? |
|
Definition
| Sympathomimetics, such as decongestants. |
|
|
Term
| Foods/drinks containing what should be avoided when taking Ritalin because they increase drug action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs can decrease the action of amphetamines and amphetamine-like drugs? |
|
Definition
Antihypertensives
Barbituates |
|
|
Term
| What was once freely prescribed as an anorexiant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amphetamines are not currently recommended for the use of appetite suppressants because of: |
|
Definition
Tolerance
Psychological dependence
Abuse |
|
|
Term
| FDA has ordered the removal of ____________ from OTC eight-loss drugs and cold remidies. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The risk for _________ _______ in young women who take drugs containing phenylpropanolamine is increased 16x. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Phenylpropanolamine has not been associated with an increased risk for _____ in men. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adverse reactions to phenylpropanolamine are |
|
Definition
Renal failure
Psychosis
HTN
Cardiac dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Topical use of phenylpropanaloamine causes systemic effects when used topically. |
|
Definition
| F - This has not been proved to be true |
|
|
Term
| For weight loss attempts, emphasis should be place on: |
|
Definition
Nutrition
Exercise
Behavior modification |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Individuals taking anorexiants should be under the supervision of a nutritional counselor. |
|
Definition
| False - They should be under the care of a HCP |
|
|
Term
| Children younger than __ y.o.a. should not be given anorexiants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Self-medication with anorexiants is _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Long-term use of anorexiants frequently result in severe side effects such as: |
|
Definition
Nervousness
Restlessness
Irritability
Insomnia
Heart palpitations
HTN |
|
|
Term
| The primary use of an analeptic is to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A subgroup of analeptics is _______, which is made up of ________ & _______. |
|
Definition
Xanthines
Caffeine
Theophylline |
|
|
Term
| Caffeine stimulates the ______, and in large doses it _________ _________. |
|
Definition
CNS
Stimulates respiration |
|
|
Term
| Newborns with RD may be given ________ to increase respiration. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ is used primarily to ______ ___ _________. However it has also been used to increase respirations in newborns. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SE from caffeine are similar to those from anorexiants: |
|
Definition
Nervousness
Restlessness
Tremors
Twitching
Palpitations
Insomnia |
|
|
Term
| SE of caffeine that are not similar to those of anorexiants include: |
|
Definition
Diuresis
GI irritation
Tinnitus (rarely) |
|
|
Term
| More than ___ mg of caffeine affects the CNS and heart. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what type of clients is the t1/2 of caffeine increased? |
|
Definition
Liver disease
Oral contraceptives
Pregnant |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Caffeine is not contraindicated during pregnancy. |
|
Definition
| False - the effects on the fetus are unknown. |
|
|
Term
| Dopram is a ____ & _______ _______ used to treat respiratory depression caused by overdose, pre- and postanesthetic respiratory depression, and COPD. |
|
Definition
| CNS and respiratory stimulant |
|
|
Term
| T/F: Dopram can be used for the treatment of neonatal apnea. |
|
Definition
| True - but it should be used with caution. |
|
|
Term
| What is the route of administration of Dopram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of action of Dopram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the peak action of Dopram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the SE of Dopram? |
|
Definition
HTN
Tachycardia
Tremors
Spasticity
Hyperactive reflexes |
|
|
Term
| What is more effective than Dopram for treating clients experiencing respiratory distress as a result of using certain drugs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ritalin is contraindicated in |
|
Definition
Hyperthyroidism
Anxiety
Hx of seizures
CAD, HTN
Tourettes
Glaucoma
Psychosis
Mental Depression
Children younger than 6
Substance abusers
Pregnant women |
|
|
Term
| Ritalin is well/poorly absorbed for the GI tract? |
|
Definition
| Well absorbed from the GI tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acts primarily on the RAS and cerebral cortex. |
|
|
Term
| Ritalin may decrease effects of |
|
Definition
| decongestants, antihypertensives, barbituates, and may alter the effects of insulin therapy. |
|
|
Term
| Ritalin increases hypertensive crisis with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ritalin increases effects of |
|
Definition
Oral anticoagulants
Anticonvulsants
Tricyclic antidepressants |
|
|
Term
| ____ may increase the effects of Ritalin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tachycardia
HTN
Growth supression
Palpitations
Transient loss of weight in children |
|
|
Term
| Life-threatening AR of Ritalin |
|
Definition
Exfoliative dermatitis
Uremia
Thrombocytopenia
Hepatoxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of the risk for thrombocytopenia when taking Ritalin, it is important to assess before and during: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: During treatment with Ritalin, a risk for delayed growth and development related to treatment is a possibility. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Withdrawal symptoms of Ritalin include: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dry mouth is a side effect of ____ that can be relieved by _____ ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When discontinuing Ritalin, what is important to teach the client? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who should be taught to avoid all CNS stimulants? |
|
Definition
Pregnant and nursing mothers.
These drugs are excreted in the breast milk and can cause the same side effects in the infant. |
|
|
Term
| Ritalin may cause anorexic effects, so parents should _____________________. |
|
Definition
| Provide children a nutritional breakfast. |
|
|
Term
| It is important to teach the client to report _______ & ________ when on Ritalin therapy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Monitor children for onset of ________ when taking Ritalin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When evaluating effectiveness of Ritalin therapy, it is important to monitor |
|
Definition
Weight
Sleep patterns
Mental Status |
|
|
Term
| Amphetamine drugs include: |
|
Definition
Adderall
Dexedrine
Desoxyn
Vyvanse |
|
|
Term
| Amphetamine-like drugs include: |
|
Definition
Ritalin
Provigil
Focalin
Strattera
Nuvigil
Cylert |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Didrex
Dexedrine
Tenuate
Fastin
Adipex
Acutrim
Dexatrim
Xenical |
|
|
Term
| The maximum dose for Didrex, an anorexiant, is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drugs without phenylpropanolamine include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Analeptics are made up of a subcategory: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methylxanthines are in a subgroup of analeptics. This subgroup is made up of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A drug used for treatment of respiratory depression. It is a respiratory stimulant called |
|
Definition
|
|
