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| Large flat grasslands in dry hot climates |
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| Members of the evolutionary group of humans and now extrinct bipedal relatives |
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| Group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Members of one species can not interbreed with a different species |
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| habititually walking on two legs |
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| Field of inquiry that studies human culture and evolutionary aspects of human biology; includes cultural anthropology, archaeology, linguistics or physical and biological |
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| Members of the mammalian order of primates; includes lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, apes and humans |
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| A change in genetic structure of a population. Also used to refer to the apperance of a new species |
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| An anatomical, physiological or behavorial response of organisms or populations to the enviorment |
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| Having to do with the study of gene structure and action and the patterns of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring. Genetic mechanisms are the foundation for evolutionary change |
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| Anything organisms do that involves action in response to internal or external stimuli; the response of an individual, group or species to it's enviorment. May not be delebrate and may not nessacarly be a conscious decision |
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| A set of relationships in which all components fall along a single intergrated spectrum |
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| Behavioral aspects of human adaptation, includes technology, tradions, language, religion, marriage paterns and social rules. Culture is a set of learned behaors transmitted from one generation to the next by nonbiological means |
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| General cultural orientation or perspective shared by members of a society |
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| Mutual interactive evolution of human biology and culture; the concept that biology makes culture possible and that developing culture further influences the direction of biological evolution, a basic concept in understanding the unique components of human evolution |
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| the pricatical application of anthropological and archaeological therioes and techniques. Ex: many biological anthropologists work in the public health sector |
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| detailed decriptive studies of human societies. In cultural anthropology, an enthnography is traditionally the study of a non-westeren society |
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| Objects or materials made or modified for the use by hominins. The earliest artifacts are usually tools made of stone or, occasinoally, bone. |
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| The interdisciplinary approach to the study of earlier hominins - their chronology, physical structure, archaeological remains, habitats and so on. |
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
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| The double-stranded molecule that contains the genetic code. DNA is the main component of chromosomes. |
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| study of skeletal material |
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| study of skeletal remains from archaeological sites |
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| branch of osteology that studies the evidence of disease and injury in human skeletal remains |
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| aplied anthropological approach dealing with legal matters |
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| study of the biology and behavior of nonhuman primates (lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes |
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| a provisional explanation of a phenomenon. |
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| relying on experiment or observation; from the latin empiricus, meaning experienced |
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| approach to research whereby a problem is identified |
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| facts from which conclusions can be drawn |
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| pertaining to measurements of quality and including such properties as size, number, and capacity |
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| a broad statement of scientific relationships or underlying principles that has been substantially verified through the testing of a hypotheses |
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| precise repetition of an experiment or expansion of observered data to provide verification, procedure by which hypotheses and theories and verified, modified or discarded |
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| using all four limbs to support the body during locomotion |
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| viewing other cultures from the inherently biased perspective of one's own culture. often results as other cultures viewed as being seen inferior. |
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| viewing entities as they relate to something else |
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| the most critical mechanism of evolutionary change, first described by Charles Darwin. genetic change or changes in the frequencies of certain traits in populations due to differential reproductive success between individuals |
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| notion that species, once created, can never change, dramatically opposes ideas of biological evolution |
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| pertaining to groups of organisms that, mainly because of genetic differences, are prevented from mating and producing offspring with member of other such groups |
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| meaning two names. In taxonomy, the convention established by Carolus Linnaeus whereby genus and species names are used to refer to species. |
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| branch of science concerned with the rules of classifying organisms on the basis of evolutionary relationships |
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| view that the earths geological landscape is the result of violent cataclysmic events. Cuvier promoted this view, especially in oppisition to Lamarack |
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| theory that the earths feature are the result of long-term processes that continue to operate in the present just as they did in the past. |
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| pertaining to natural selection, a measure of the relative reproductive success of individuals. can be measured by an individual's genetic contribution to the next generation. |
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| number of offspring an individual produces and rears to reproductive age |
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| forces in the environment that influence reproductive success in individuals |
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| ability to conceive and produce healthy offspring |
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| entire genetic makeup of an individual or species |
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| biological continuum. when expressions of a phenomenon continuously grade into one another so that ther are no discrete categories |
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| Christian fundamentalists |
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| adherents to a movement in American Protestantism that began in the early 20th century. |
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