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| Philosophy which adapted the theory of evolution to principles of human society. |
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| 1890 law which made illegal “every contract, combination . . . or conspiracy in restraint of trade.” |
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| City in which the Haymarket Riot took place. |
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| Corporate genius and philanthropist who outlined the social responsibilities of the new American super-wealthy in the Gospel of Wealth. |
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| City most closely associated with Carnegie Steel. |
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| Author of "Das Kapital" and the "Communist Manifesto." |
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| Founder of Standard Oil Company and most infamous of the Robber Barons. |
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| Author of "Looking Backward." |
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| Head of the American Railway Union who was jailed for obstructing the mail and emerged from jail as a dedicated socialist. |
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| Leader of the American Federation of Labor who became the most famous American labor organizer. |
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| A business arrangement in which owners of shares in a business turn over their shares to a board with power to control those businesses. |
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| A legal document issued by the government giving the holder exclusive rights to use, make, and sell a process, product, or device for a specified period of time. |
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| The nation’s first billion-dollar company; created by a series of mergers masterminded by J.P. Morgan. |
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| Site of the first commercial oil well, drilled in 1859. |
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| Products such as food and clothing that fill the needs and wants of individuals. |
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| A strategy of business growth that attempts to stifle competition by combining more than one firm involved in the same level of production, transportation, or distribution into a single firm. |
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| The nation’s first trust, organized in 1882. |
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| A market at which shares of ownership in corporations are bought and sold. |
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| The philosophy of social and economic organization in which the means of producing and distributing goods is owned collectively or by government |
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| A method of using huge converters to remove carbon from molten iron ore to make steel. |
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| Labor organizer who led the Knights of Labor as it became a powerful national organization. |
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| Site in Chicago, in 1886, of one of the most violent episodes in the conflict between labor and industry. |
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| Manager of the Carnegie Steel Company after Carnegie’s retirement. |
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| Management expert who used time-and-motion studies to improve industrial efficiency and preached that higher productivity was the way to achieve higher profits. |
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| The first nationwide strike, in 1877, in which over 100 were killed and 1000 injured. |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| The first national federation of craft unions, formed in 1881, and reorganized in 1886. |
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| Owner of the Palace Car Company. |
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| A journalist and self-taught economist who wrote "Progress and Poverty" (1879) and unsuccessfully ran for may of New York in 1886. |
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| Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor |
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| Secret fraternal organization formed by Philadelphia garment makers that gradually grew into a national labor organization. |
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| Location of a Carnegie steel mill where, in 1892, open war broke out between striking steel workers and strikebreakers hired by the corporation. |
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