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| Southern Whites, mainly small landowning farmers and well-off merchants and planters, who supported the southern Republican Party during Reconstruction for diverse reasons; a disparaging term |
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| Groups of cases resulting in one sweeping decision by the US Supreme Court in 1873 that contradicted the intent of the 14th Amendment by decreeing that most citizenship rights remained under the state, not federal control. |
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| The most prominent of the vigilante groups that terrorized black people in the South during the Reconstruction Era, founded by Confederate veterans in 1866. |
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| Southern Democrats who wrested control of governments in the former Confederacy; often through electoral fraud and violence, from Republicans beginning in 1870. |
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| United States vs. Cruikshank |
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| In 1876, the Court overturned the convictions of some of those responsible for the Colfax Massacre, ruling that the Enforcement Act applied only to violations of black rights by states, not individuals. |
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| Labor system that evolved during and after the Reconstruction whereby landowners furnished laborers with a house, farm animals, and tools and advanced credit in exchange for a share of the laborers' crop. |
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| Action by General William T. Sherman in January 1865 to set aside abandoned land along the Southern Atlantic coast for 40-acre grants to freedmen; rescinded by President Andrew Johnson later that year. |
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| Largely unsuccessful law passed in 1866 that gave black people preferential access to public lands in 5 southern states. |
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| An act passed by Republicans that prohibited the President from removing certain officeholders without the Senate's consent. |
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| A Republican Party organization in northern cities that became an important organizing device among freedmen in southern cities after 1865. |
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| Northern transplants who were Republican. |
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| The agreement whereby Rutherford Hayes became President and the Democrats controlled every government in the South. |
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| This Amendment guaranteed American men the right to vote regardless of race. |
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| This Amendment passed by Congress in April 1866 incorporating some of the features of the Civil Rights Act of 1866. It prohibited states from violating the civil rights of its citizens and offered states the choice of allowing black people to vote or losing representation in Congress. |
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| Agency established by Congress in March 1865 to provide social, educational, and economic services, advice, and protection to former slaves and destitute whites; lasted 7 years. |
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| Laws passed by states and municipalities denying many rights of citizenship to free blacks before the Civil War. Also, during the Reconstruction Era, laws passed by newly elected southern state legislatures to control black labor, mobility, and employment. |
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| The phrase many white Southerners applied to their Civil War Defeat. They viewed the war as a noble cause but only a temporary setback in the South's ultimate vindication. |
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| Congressional Reconstruction |
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| Name given to the period 1867-1870 when the Republican dominated Congress controlled post Civil War Era policy in the South. |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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| This is the Act signed into law by Abraham Lincoln, which freed all of the slaves in the Southern States. This Act was passed during the Civil War. It did not free those slaves residing in the States that were part of the Union. |
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| This is the Constitutional Amendment that abolished slavery withing the United States. It was passed after the Civil War. |
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True or False The Freedmen's Bureau established 3000 schools attended by some 150,000 men, women, and children in the years after the Civil War. |
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| Serf could be found in what country? |
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True or False The same law that gave men the right to vote also gave women the right to vote. |
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| Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia |
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There were 13 Confederate States (including Missouri and Kentucky which were recognized by the Confederacy but were not recognized as leaving by the Union). Thus this leaves 11 Confederate States. Name 5 of the Confederate States.
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| Who became the President immediately after President Lincoln? |
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| What were the years of the Civil War? |
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