Term
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Definition
| a philosophy of punishment aimed at "curing" criminals of their antisocial behavior |
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Term
| evidence-based practice (EBP) |
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Definition
| EBP means that in order to reduce recidivism, corrections must implement practices that have consistently been shown to be effective |
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Term
| 8 principles of evidence-based programming |
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Definition
1. assess actuarial risk/needs
2. enhance intrinsic motivation
3. target interventions
4. skill train with directed practice
5. increase positive reinforcement
6. engage ongoing support in natural communities
7. measure relevant processes/practices
8. provide measurement feedback |
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Term
| risk, needs, & responsivity (RNR) model |
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Definition
| a treatment correctional model that maintains that offenders & the community are better served if offenders' risks for reoffending & their needs (their deficiencies, such as lack of job skills) are addressed in a way that matches their developmental stage |
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Term
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Definition
| a principle that refers to an offender's probability of reoffending & maintains that those with the highest risk should be targeted for the most intense treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| a principle that refers to an offender's prosocial needs, the lack of which puts him or her at risk for reoffending, & that suggests these needs should receive attention in program targeting |
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Term
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Definition
| a principle maintaining that if offenders are to respond to treatment in meaningful & lasting ways, counselors must developmental stages, learning styles, & need to be treated with respect & dignity |
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Term
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Definition
| data relating to what has actually occurred & recorded over many thousands of cases; evidence-based treatment modalities are based on actuarial data |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the probability that a given offender will reoffend, & thus the threat he or she poses to the community |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to deficiencies in offenders' lives that hinder their making a commitment to a prosocial pattern of behavior |
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Term
| cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) |
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Definition
| a counseling approach that tries to address dysfunctional cognitions, emotions, & behaviors in a relatively short time through goal-oriented, systematic procedures using a mixture of operant psychology , cognitive theory, & social modeling theory |
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Term
| therapeutic communities (TCs) |
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Definition
| residential communities providing dynamic "mutual self-help" environments & offering long-term opportunities for attitude & behavioral change & the learning of constructive prosocial ways of coping with life |
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Term
| residential substance abuse treatments (RSAT) |
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Definition
| these RSATs typically last 6 to 12 months & are composed of inmates in need of substance abuse treatment & whose parole dates are set to coincide with the end of the program; RSAT inmates are separated from the negativity & violence of the rest of the prison & are provided with extensive cognitive behavioral counseling & attend Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)& Narcotics Anonymous (NA) meetings, as well as many other kinds of rehabilitative classes |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychobiological illness characterized by intense craving for a particular substance |
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Term
| anger management programs |
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Definition
| programs that consist of a number of techniques by which someone with problems controlling anger can learn the cause & consequences of anger, & avoid anger-inducing triggers |
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Term
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Definition
| a biomedical treatment for chronic sex offenders in which a synthetic hormone called Depo-Provera is administered; Depo-Provera works in males to reduce sexual thoughts, fantasies, & erections by drastically reducing the production of testosterone, the major male sex hormone |
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