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| lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils |
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| tip or uppermost portion of the lung, an apex is the tip of a structure, apical means pertaining to the apex |
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| lower portion of the lung, basilar means pertaining to the base |
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| smallest branches of the bronchi, terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts |
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| branch of the trachea(windpipe) that is the passageway into the lung; bronchial tube |
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| gas produced by body cell when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lungs |
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| thin hair attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract, they clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung |
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| muscle separating the chest and abdomen, it contracts and relaxes to make breathing possible |
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| lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing |
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| breathing out(exhalation) |
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| slit-like opening to the larynx |
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| midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs, hilar means pertaining to the hilum |
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| breathing in (inhalation) |
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| voice box; containing vocal cords |
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| region btw the lungs in the chest cavity, contains the trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes |
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| opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities |
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| gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells |
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| one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx |
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| one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose |
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| outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall |
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| double-folded membrane surrounding each lung |
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| space btw the folds of the pleura |
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| essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli |
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| process of moving air into and out of the lung; breathing |
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| inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue |
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| bronchiole, small bronchus |
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| listening to sounds within the body |
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| tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure |
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| scratchy sound produces by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other |
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| fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation(during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli |
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| loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum |
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| material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting |
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| strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx |
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| continouous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing |
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| acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor |
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| acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium |
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| whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by bordetella pertussis |
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| chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production |
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| chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection |
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| inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of COPD |
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| inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucous secretions in the respiratoey tract that do not drain normally |
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| collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli |
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| hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
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| malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi |
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| abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis |
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| acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction |
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| large collection of pus in the lungs |
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| fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles |
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| clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung |
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| formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs |
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| chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs |
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| infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected |
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| rare malignanat tumor arising in the pleura |
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| abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space(cavity) |
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| inflammation of the pleura |
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| collection of air in the pleural space |
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| coal dust accumulation in the lungs |
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| asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs |
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| ros-shapped bacteria(cause of tuberculosis) |
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| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) |
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| chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs; caused by smoking, air pollution, chronic infection, and in a minority of cases, asthma |
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| failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying lung disease |
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| fluid, cells, and other substance(pus) that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation |
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| collection of fluid in the pleural cavity |
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| collection of fluid or other material within the lung, as seen on a chest film, CT scan, or other radiologic image |
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| relieving symptoms, but not curing the dusease |
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| pertaining to a sudden occurrence, such as a spasm or seizure |
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| disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs; occurs in mining occupations |
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| radiographic image of the thoracic cavity(chest film) |
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| computed tomography(CT) scan of the chest |
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| computer-generated series of x-rays images show thoracic structures in cross section and other planes |
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| magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the chest |
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| magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional(axial) planes |
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| positron emission tomography(PET) scan of the lung |
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| radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs |
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| ventilation-perfusion(V/Q) scan |
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| detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas |
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| fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes |
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| placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway |
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| visual examination of the voice box |
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| removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic exam |
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| endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum |
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| pulmonary function tests(PFTs) |
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| test that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs(airway function, lung volume, and capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently) |
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| surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space |
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| large surgical incision of the chest |
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| visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope |
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| surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck |
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| determines past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction |
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| chest tube is passed through an opening in the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion |
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