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| Disputed presidential election where House of Representatives chose John Quincy Adam over Andrew Jackson, then the speaker of the house was made secretary of defense and Jackson claim corruption |
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| After winning the presidency in 1828 Andrew Jackson fired every political opponent in Washington and replace them with his own supporters |
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| The end of property qualification, spoils system and changing of campaigning for presidency |
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| 1830; one of first things in Jackson's presidency; removal of all Indians to west of Mississippi River; lead to Trail of Tears |
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| Crisis when South Carolina attempted to nullify or void federal tariff (tax) laws within its border in 1832/1833. Jackson threatened force to stop it but a compromise was reached |
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| Jackson led battle against second national Bank because he believed elected bankers had too much power and bank was less willing to loan money to the southern farmers over Northern industry. After election Jackson vetoed charter to bank and removed all federal money into state banks |
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| The second great awakening led to spiritual rebirth in the US; arise in church attendance; greater involvement in reforming other parts of American society |
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| Prison and mental illness reform |
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| Led by Dorothea Dix, more humane treatment of mentally ill, & rehabilitation of prisoners while in prison |
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| The movement to ban alcohol throughout United States due to high rate of alcoholism |
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| Led by Horace Mann, call for public education for all classes with one school |
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| Started at Seneca Falls convention in Seneca Falls New York. Declared women free to pursue their own lives, started movement to gain women's suffrage (the right to vote) |
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| A machine that could wove multiple cotton fibers into thread, greatly increased demand for cotton |
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| Machine made parts that allowed projects to be quickly assembled as opposed to being made from scratch |
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| First powered engine that was used in factories, replacing windmills and waterwheels as power sources, later used to revolutionize transportation with the train and steamboat |
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| (factory system) the movement to manufacture products under one large roof as opposed to creating them at someone's home |
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| Interchangeable parts + steam power +factory system = industrial Revolution |
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| Artistic school in western New York, founded by Thomas Cole, focused on creating paintings of nature (believed it was beautiful) Was the face of the industrial revolution |
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| Perfected the American short story |
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| Who led the Golden age of American novel |
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| Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Washington Irving |
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| Military leader Battle of New Orleans and War of 1812, one presidency in 1828; expanded voting by dropping property ownership qualification; associated with Spoils system, Indian removal, nullification crisis, Bank war |
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| First Supreme Court Chief Justice, help enforce federal power with multiple rulings in favor of federal government |
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| Wrote the Missouri compromise of 1820, Secretary of State in 1824 part of the corrupt bargain, wrote compromise tariff during notification crisis, great negotiator of the early 19th century |
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| Wrote the principle of notification, where state Could nullify federal law within their own borders, major political enemy have Andrew Jackson |
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| Establish the belief that Native Americans are their own nation within United States, only federal government could create treaties with them not the states |
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| The development of free-market principles within the US where government interference was minimal. Led to rise the consumer choice, supply and Demand. Workers were exploited by minimum pay and unsafe working conditions |
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| The development of an industry led economy especially in the north; cotton was grown in the south traded to the north where it was spun into thread textiles sold throughout the nation and abroad |
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