Term
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Definition
| abolished or reduced blood supply to an organ |
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Term
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Definition
| a zone characterized by neurons that are nonfunctional but still viable |
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Term
| Is focal ischemia (occlusion of a brain artery by thrombosis or embolus)or global ischemia (shutting down the blood supply to the whole brain as can occur in cardiac arrest) more common? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells are especially vulnerable after global ischemia? |
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Definition
| neurons in the CA1 field of the hippocampus |
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Term
| Does the mature CNS produce substances that excite or inhibit axonal growth? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the abnormally increased reactivity of the muscles to sensory stimuli |
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Term
| How do neural circuits adapt to a novel situation? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the type of adaption in which intact neuronal groups take over & substitute for the damaged parts |
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Term
| How does the brain adapt for primary motor cortex damage? |
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Definition
| other cortical areas partially substitute for functions lost & neuronal groups that normally control only one side of the body expand their activity to the other side as well |
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Term
| What is caused by unilateral destruction of the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear? |
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Definition
| severe dizziness & disturbances of posture & eye movements |
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Term
| What is the difference between the first phase of improvement & the second phase of improvement following a stroke? |
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Definition
first = rapid improvement lasting from days to weeks
second = slower progress lasting from months to years |
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Term
| What does altered blood flow (seen via PET or fMRI brain imaging) in a specific part of the brain after a stroke indicate? |
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Definition
| altered activity caused by the stroke |
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Term
| What do regions of the brain that send association connections to the premotor area influence? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in restituted stroke patients show? |
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Definition
| nor only are cortical activation differently distributed but connectivity is also altered |
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Term
| Are there structural changes in the brain following a stroke during recovery? |
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Definition
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Term
| After strokes, do simple, effortless movements require more or less attention & mental energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when a region of the motor cortex in charge of a specific body part is cooled? |
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Definition
| the movements of that body part immediately become slower & weaker |
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Term
| What happens when the first link of the disynaptic pathway from the cerebellum to the motor cortex is damaged? |
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Definition
| voluntary movements become jerky & uncoordinated |
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Term
| Are motivation & focused, selective attention important for effective learning? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the release of monoamines a factor in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the most clear-cut examples of successful recovery after early brain damage in infants come from? |
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Definition
| lesions (even very large ones) of one hemisphere |
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Term
| Do seizures inhibit cognitive development? |
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Definition
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