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the system of business in which individuals are free to decide whatr to produce, how to produce it, and at what price to sell it. |
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| differences among people in a workforce owing to race, ethnicity, and gender |
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| the organized effort of individuals to produce and sell, for a profit, the goods and services that satisfy society's needs |
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| what remains after all business expenses have been deducted from sales revenue |
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| all the different people or groups of people who are affected by an organization's policies, decisions, and activities |
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| the study of how wealth is created and distributed |
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| the study of the decisions made by individuals and businesses |
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| the study of the national economy and the global economy |
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| the way in which people deal with the creation and distribution of wealth |
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| resources used to produce goods and services |
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| a person who risks time, effort, and money to start and operate a business |
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| an economic system in which individuals own and operate the majority of businesses that provide goods and services |
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| a term created by Adam Smith to describe how an individual's personal gain benefits others and a nations economy |
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| an economic system in which businesses and individuals decide what to produce and buy, and the market determines quantities sold and prices |
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| an economy that exhibits elements of both capitalism and socialism |
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| goods and services purchased by individuals for personal consumption |
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| an economic system in which the government decides what goods and services will be produced, how they will be produced, for whom available goods and services will be produced, and who owns and controls the major factors of production. |
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| the average level of output per worker per hour |
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| gross domestic product (GDP) |
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Definition
| the total dollar value of all goods and services produced by all people within the boundaries of a country during a one year period |
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| a general rise in the level of prices |
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| a general decrease in the level of prices |
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| the percentage of a nation's labor force unemployed at any time |
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| consumer price index (CPI) |
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| a monthly index that measures the changes in prices of a fixed basket of goods purchased by a typical consumer in an urban area |
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| producer price index (PPI) |
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| an index that measures prices that producers receive for their finished goods |
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| the recurrence of periods of growth and recession in a nation's economic activity |
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| two or more consecutive three-month periods of decline ni a country's GDP |
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| a severe recession that lasts longer than a typical recession and has larger decline in business activity when compared to a recession |
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| Federal Reserve's decisions that determine the size of the supply of money in the nation and the level of interest rate |
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| government influence on the amount of savings and expenditures; accomplished by altering the tax structure and by changing the levels of government spending |
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| a shortfall created when the federal government spends more in a fiscal year than it receives |
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| the total of all federal deicits |
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| rivalry among businesses for sales to potential customers |
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| perfect (pure) competition |
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Definition
the market situation in which there are many buyers and sellers of a product, and no single buyer or seller is powerful enough to affect the price of that product
wheat |
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Definition
| the quantity of a product that producers are willing to sell at each of various prices |
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| the quantity of a product that buyers are willing to purchase at each of various prices |
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| the price at which the quantity demanded is exactly equal to the quantity supplied |
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a market situation in which there are many buyers along with a relatively large number of sellers who differentiate their products from the products of competitors
soap, clothing, furniture |
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| the process of developing and promoting differences between one's products and all competitive products |
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a market (or industry) in which there are few sellers
automobile, airline, car rental, cereal, farm implement industries |
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a market (or industry) with only one seller, and there are barriers to keep other firms from entering the industry
public utilities, local gas, water, electricity |
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| a loose, subjective measire of how well off an individual or a society is, mainly in terms of want satisfaction through goods and services |
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| a system of exchange in which goods or services are traded directly for other goods or services without money |
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| a method of manufacturing in which an entrepreneur distributes raw materials to various homes, where families process them into finished goods to be offered by sale by merchant entrepreneur |
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| a system of manufacturing in which all the materials, machinery, and workers required to manufacture a product are assembled in one place |
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| the seperation of a manufacturing process into distinct tasks and assignment of the different tasks to different individuals |
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| an economy in which more effort is devoted to the production of services than to the production of goods |
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| the online interaction that allows people and businesses to communicate and share ideas ,personal information, and information about products or services |
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Definition
| creating and maintaining the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productivity harmony whie fufilling the social, economic, and other requirements or present and future generations. |
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