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| A change in the genetic structure of a population from one generation to the next. The term is also frequently used to refer to the appearance OF a new species. |
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| The field of inquiry that human culture and evolutionary aspects of human bio; includes cultural ANP, archaeology, linguistics, and physical ANP |
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| An approach to research whereby a problem is identified, a hypothesis (or hypothetical explanation) is stated, an that hypothesis is tested through the collection and analysis of data. |
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| The mutual, interactive evolution of human biology and culture; the concept that biology makes culture possible and that developing culture further influences the direction of biological evolution; a basic concept in understanding the unique components of human evolution. |
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| Al aspects of human adaption, including technology, traditions, language, religion and social rules. Culture is a set of learned behaviors; it is transmitted from one generation to the next through learning and not by biological or genetic means. |
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| A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Members of one species are reproductively isolated from members of all other species (i.e, they can't mate w/ them to produce fertile offspring) |
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| A group of people who share a common culture |
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| The process by which individuals, generally as children, learn the values and beliefs of the family, peer groups, and society in which they are raised |
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| Functional response of organisms or populations to the environment. Adaption results from evolutionary change( specifically, as a result of natural selection) |
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| An eighteenth century philosophical movement in western Europe that assumed a knowable order to the natural world and the interpretive value of reason as the primary means of identifying and explaining this order |
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| meaning "word" or "study of" |
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| Cultural (or social), physical, archaeology, and linguistic. |
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Otherwise, known as social, is the study of all aspects of human behavior.
Beginning in the 18th century-- enlightenment. |
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| A subfield of cultural ANP that involves studying/dealing with the issues of inner cities |
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| Explores the relationship between various cultural attributes and health and disease |
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| The approach that utilizes ANP for practical applications within and outside of the university setting. |
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| Also referred to as biological ANP, is the study of human biology within the framework of evolution and with an emphasis on the interaction between bio and culture. |
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| "On the Origin of Species" by Charles Darwin |
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| Change over time concept became more popular, circa 1859 |
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| Paleoanthropology (MY definition) |
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The study of human evolution, as revealed in fossil records.
Sub field of physical ANP |
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| The interdisciplinary approach to the study of earlier hominins-- their chronology, physical structures, archaeological remains, habitats, etc. |
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| A member of the tribe Hominin, the evolutionary group tat includes modern humans and now- extinct bipedal relatives |
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| Measurement of human body parts. When osteologists measure skeletal elements, the term osteometry is often used. |
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| How adaptive a specific characteristic is |
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| The study of gene structure and action and of the patterns of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring. Genetic mechanisms are the underlying foundation for evolutionary change. |
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| Members of the mammalian order primates, which includes prosimians, monkeys, apes, and humans. |
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| The study of the biology and behavior of the non human primates (prosimians, monkeys, and apes) |
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| Use cutting edge technologies to investigate evolutionary relationships between human populations as well as between humans and non human primates. |
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| The study of primate fossil record |
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| The study of skeletal material. Human osteology focuses on the interpretation of the skeletal remains of past groups. Some of the same techniques are used in paleoanthropology to study early hominins. |
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| The branch of osteology that studies the traces of disease and injury in human skeletal (or occasionally, mummified) remains. |
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| An applied ANP approach dealing with legal matters. Forensic anthropologists work with coroners and law enforcement agencies in the recovery, analysis, and identification of human remains |
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| Objects or materials made or modified for use by hominins. The earliest artifacts tend to be tools made of stone, or, occasionally, bone |
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| The physical manifestation of human activities, such as tools, art, and structures. As the most durable aspects of culture, material remains make up the majority of archaeological evidence of past societies |
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| Scientists whose study of ancient life- forms is based on fossilized remains of extinct animals and plants. |
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| The material remains of the human past and the physical contexts of these remains (e.g, stratigraphic relationships, association with other remains) |
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| Locations of past human activity, often associated with artifacts and features. |
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| Anthropological Archaeology |
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| The application of archaeological methods to the understanding of the origins and diversity of modern humans. |
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| The several million years between the emergence of bipedal hominins and the availability of written records |
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| Arch. who study past societies for which a contemporary written record also exist |
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| Arch. who use ethnographic methods to study modern peoples so that they can better understand and explain patterning in the archaeological record. |
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| Relating to an interest in objects and texts of the past |
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| Pertaining to the depositional levels, or strata, o an archaeological site. |
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| Application of the methods of the natural and physical sciences to the investigation of archaeological materials |
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| A broad term that covers archaeological research conducted for the public good as part of cultural resource management and heritage management programs; a major growth area of world archaeology. |
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| Geographical information system |
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| Cultural resource management |
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| Where researchers attempt to replicate ancient techniques and processes under controlled conditions so that they can better understand the past. |
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| The study of human speech and language. (Language origin and specific languages) |
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| A body of knowledge gained through observation and experimentation; from the Latin 'scienta', meaning "knowledge". |
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| Relying on experiment or observation; from the Latin "empiricus', meaning "experienced". |
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| Research is done by taking a question, info is gathered, analyzed, and a conclusion is drawn. |
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| Facts from which conclusions can be drawn; scientific info |
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| Pertaining to measurements of quantity and including such properties as size, number, and capacity. ( Expressing something numerically) |
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| Provisional explanation of a phenomenon. Hypotheses require repeated testing |
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| The precise repetition of an experiment or expansion of observed data to provide verification; the procedure by which hypotheses and theories are verified, modified, or discarded. |
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| A statement or explanation that hasn't been falsified by creently available evidence. |
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| Anthropological Perspective |
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| The idea that broadening our viewpoint across space and through time will give us a better understanding on how ad why humans are the way that we are today. (Appreciate the human experience) |
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| Viewing other cultures from the inherently biased perspective of one's own culture. It often results in other cultures being seen as inferior to one's own. |
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