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Definition
| American life was revolutionized by their popularity, and they were one part of a rising standard of living that Americans experienced during the 1920s. |
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Term
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Definition
| Producing large quantities of goods using machinery and often an assembly line caused industry to experience increased supply and reduced costs. What was this type of production called? |
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Term
| The 8 hour work day, the 5 day work week, and paid vacations |
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Definition
| What were some of the changes resulting from the economies of scale brought on by mass production? |
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Term
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Definition
| The carmaker that first adopted the moving assembly line. |
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Term
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Definition
| First adopted by carmaker Henry Ford, this divided operations into simple tasks and cut unnecessary motion to a minimum. |
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Term
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Definition
| What was the product that Henry Ford manufactured using the moving assembly line? It was an automobile built by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927. |
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Term
| Lower the cost per car and thereby increase the volume of sales |
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Definition
| What was Henry Ford's business philosophy? |
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Term
| General Motors and Chrysler |
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Definition
| By the 1920s what other car manufacturers were competing with Ford? |
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Term
| Doubled workers' pay to $5 per day, and reduced the length of the work day to 8 hours |
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Definition
| How did carmaker Henry Ford increase worker loyalty and undercut union organizers? |
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Term
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Definition
| What economic factor led to the introduction of many new products during the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the term for the amount of income a person keeps after paying their taxes? |
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Term
| Electric razors, facial tissues, frozen foods, home hair color, cleaning products, electrical appliances, mouthwash, deodorant, cosmetics and perfumes |
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Definition
| What were some of the new products that became very popular during the 1920s due to manufacturers eager to benefit from Americans' rising disposable income? |
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Term
| Orville and Wilbur Wright (The Wright Brothers) |
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Definition
| Who made the first manned powered flight in history? |
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Term
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Definition
| In what year did the Wright Brothers make their historic first manned powered flight? |
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Term
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Definition
| What industry developed rapidly following the Wright Brothers' first manned powered flight in 1903? |
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Term
| Ailerons, surfaces attached to wings that can be tilted to steer the plane. |
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Definition
| For what invention is aviation pioneer and American inventor Glenn Curtiss best known? |
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Term
| Glenn Curtiss, director of experiments at the Aerial Experiement Association, and inventor of the aileron |
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Definition
| Who led the rapid innovation in the airline industry in the early 1900s, including building and selling the first airplanes in the United States, that made possible the airline industry that emerged in the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| When was the first airmail service introduced? |
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Term
| A former airmail pilot named Charles Lindbergh |
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Definition
| Who becamse famous by successfully making an unprecedented transatlantic flight in 1927? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who, in 1913, invented a special circuit that made it practical to transmit sound via long-range radio, leading to the growth of the radio industry within just a few years? |
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Term
| The National Broadcasting Company |
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Definition
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Term
| The Columbia Broadcasting System |
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Definition
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Term
| NBC, the National Broadcasting Company, which was formed in 1926. |
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Definition
| What was the first company to set up a network of radio stations and broadcast daily radio programs? |
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Term
| CBS, the Columbia Broadcasting System, which was formed in 1928 |
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Definition
| What was the first radio network to rival NBC? |
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Term
| 48 airlines serving 355 American cities |
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Definition
| By 1928, how many airlines existed? |
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Term
| The growth of credit, the term for individual borrowing |
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Definition
| For individuals, what was one of the most notable aspects of the economic boom of the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| What became a booming industry in the 1920s as manufacturers sought ways to attract consumers? |
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Term
| Modern organizational structures, including divisions such as sales, marketing, and accounting, that reported to managers |
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Definition
| What had many industries begun to create by the early 1920s in order to free the executives from the need to run the business day-to-day? |
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Term
| Professional Managers, and Engineers |
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Definition
| The managerial revolution, and companies' increased reliance on technology, created high demand for what two types of workers, whose high wages expanded the middle class? |
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Term
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Definition
| What term refers to companies allowing workers to buy company stock, participate in profit sharing, and receive medical care and pensions? |
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Term
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Definition
| What organizations, designed to help workers collectively bargain with employers for good pay and working conditions, lost both influence and membership during the 1920s as workers benefited from rising wages and the benefits of welfare capitalism? |
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Term
| The "open shop," a workplace where workers were not required to join a labor union. |
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Definition
| What did employers promote as a way to discourage workers from joining labor unions? |
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Term
| African Americans, Native Americans, recent immigrants, people living in the deep South |
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Definition
| What were four key groups of Americans that were left out of the economic boom of the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| The term for a belief that one's native land needs to be protected against immigrants |
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Term
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Definition
| The fear and prejudice that many Americans felt toward Germans and communists during and after World War I expanded to include all of what group of Americans? |
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Term
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Definition
| What controversial criminal case reflected the prejudices and fears about immigrants and anti-Americanism? |
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Term
| The "new" Ku Klux Klan or "KKK" |
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Definition
| What organization, which used threats and violence to intimidate African-Americans, and now Catholics, Jews, immigrants and other groups it called "un-American" was formed in Georgia in 1915 by William J. Simmons? |
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Term
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Definition
| What U.S. policies were changed in response to postwar recession and nativism? |
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Term
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Definition
| What was the slogan of nativists? |
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Term
| The Emergency Quota Act in 1921 and the National Origins Act in 1924 |
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Definition
| What two key laws restricted immigration? |
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Term
| The National Origins Act of 1924 |
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Definition
| What set immigration quotas based on the ehtnic composition of the country more than 30 years earlier, thereby deliberately restricting further immigration of southern and eastern Europeans? |
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Term
| Natives of the Western Hemisphere (essentially, North and South America) |
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Definition
| The National Origins Act of 1924 restricted immigration from Europe, but did not restrict immigration by which groups? |
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Term
| Mexican immigrants, nearly 700,000 of which had migrated to the United States by the end of the 1920s. |
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Definition
| Which immigrant group filled the need for cheap labor that rose after European immigration was restricted by the National Origins Act of 1924? |
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Term
| Motion pictures (Hollywood movies) |
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Definition
| In addition to radio programs, what other form of popular entertainment experienced a golden age that began during the 1920s? |
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Term
| The release of the first "talking" picture - The Jazz Singer -- in 1927 |
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Definition
| What event marked the beginning of the Golden Age of Hollywood? |
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Term
| Entertainment programs broadcast over the radio |
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Definition
| In addition to motion pictures, what type of popular entertainment grew a large following during "The Jazz Age" ? |
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Term
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Definition
| The term for a medium of communication intended to reach a wide audience. |
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Term
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Definition
| What were two forms of professional sports that reached new heights of popularity in the 1920s due in larger part to the influence of motion pictures and radio? |
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Term
| Babe Ruth (baseball), Jack Dempsey (boxing), Red Grange (college football), Bobby Jones (golf), Bob Tilden and Helen Wills (tennis), Gertrude Ederle (swimming) |
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Definition
| Who were some of the famous sports personalities of the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| What was the name given to the movement of African Americans from the rural South to the industrial cities of the North during World War I and the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| What became the name for the flowering of African American arts? |
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Term
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Definition
| In what neighborhood of New York City did African American artistic development, racial pride and political organization thrive? |
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Term
| Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen, Alain Locke, Dorothy West, Nella Larson |
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Definition
| Who were some of the famous writers from the Harlem Renaissance? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was the New Orleans native who moved to Chicago in 1922 and introduced an improvisational early form of Jazz? |
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Term
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Definition
| What form of music, characterized by improvisation and imaginative soloing, was first popularized in the 1920s? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was the influential composer, pianist and bandleader that created his own sound, a blend of improvisation and orchestration using different combinations of instruments, that was inspired countless jazz musicians? |
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Term
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Definition
| What was the name of the most famous nightclub in Harlem, which featured nearly all African-American performers including Duke Ellington, but only admitted white customers to enjoy the shows? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was the African-American woman singer whose blues music was said to "symbolize soul" ? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was considered perhaps the most daring African-American performer of the era, because she left America and adopted France as her new homoe, and often appeared practically nude on stage when she performed? |
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