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| capital of Israel and the ancient kingdom of Israel |
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Emperor Augustus turned Judah into a Roman province called Judaea |
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| Roman governor of a province |
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| Zealots convinced many Jews to take up arms against the Romans; however, the rebellion was brutally crushed |
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| Jewish general who fought in the war against the Romans. He wrote about the horrors of Jerusalem's fall in his work History of the Jewish War |
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| Jews rebelled again in this year and were defeated once again. This time the Romans forced all Jews to leave Jerusalem and banned them from ever returning to the city. |
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the region north of Judaea |
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| stories that used events from everyday life to express spiritual ideas. |
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the Romans used this way of punishing political rebels and lower-class criminals |
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| Those who accepted Jesus Christ and his teachings. The word Christ comes from Christos, the Greek word for "messiah." |
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| early Christian leaders like Peter and Paul |
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saved from sin and allowed to enter heaven according to Christian beliefs |
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| Early Christians came to believe that the one God existed in three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit |
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| the mistreatment of people |
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| people willing to die rather than give up their beliefs |
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| Roman emperor in A.D. 312 who accepted Christianity |
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| In A.D. 313, Constantine issued this order that gave religious freedom to all people and made Christianity legal |
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Constantine's mother who assisted her son in building churches in Rome and Jerusalem. |
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| Constantine's successor who made Christianity Rome's official religion in A.D. 392. At the same time, however, he outlawed other religions. |
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| organization with different levels of authority |
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| Christians combined the four gospels with the writings of Paul and other early Christian leaders. Together, these works form the New Testament of the Bible. |
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| Leading Church Father who defended Christianity against its opponents. He wrote The City of God and Confessions |
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Latin word meaning "father" Latin-speaking Christians accepted the pope as the head of the church |
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religious pictures or images |
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imagebreakers Emperor Leo III did not approve of icons and ordered all icons removed from the churches |
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| Frankish king who was awarded the title of emperor by the pope in A.D. 800 |
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| religious communities where monks live |
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a bishop who drew up a list of rules for monks and nuns to follow This list, called the Basilian Rule, became the model for Eastern Orthodox religious life |
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| a religious community where nuns live |
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an Italian monk who wrote another set of rules for monks in the WEST This rule was called the Benedictine Rule |
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religious people who teach religion to those who dod not believe |
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| Byzantine missionaries who carried the message to the Slavs, a people of Eastern Europe |
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missionary who invented a new alphabet to present the Christian message in the Slavic languages The Cyrillic alphabet was based on Greek letters |
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an island inhabited early by the Anglo-Saxons who build settlements and set up several small kingdoms |
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| an island where the Celts fled when pushed out of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons |
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| priest who brought Christianity to Ireland in the A.D. 400s |
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