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| a group of people who depend on one another for survival and well being |
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| the scientific and humanistic study of human beings |
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| the way members of a society adapt to their environment and give meaning to their lives |
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| when humans consider their own behavior not only right but nutural |
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| the practice of attempting to understand cultures within their contexts |
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| the idea that combines the study of human biology, history, and the learned and shared patterns of human behavior and thought we call culture in order to analyze human groups |
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| the study of human society and culture |
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| the description of society or culture |
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| attempts to capture what ideas and practices mean to members of a culture |
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| describes and analyzes culture according to principles and theories drawn from Western scientific tradition, such as ecology, economy, or psychology |
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| the attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena |
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| anthropological linguistics |
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| the study of language and its relation to culture |
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| looking at the material remains people have left behind and trying to infer their cultural patterns from it |
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| physical/biological anthropology |
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| the study of humans as phyical and biological entities |
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| search for fossils to discover and reconstruct the evolutionary history of our species |
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| study of what it means to be not-an-ape, to be humans by studying our nonhuman relations |
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| using the tools of physical anthro to aid in the identification of skeletal of badly decompsed human remains |
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| the use of cultural anthro, linguistics, archaeology, and biological anthro to solve practical problems in business, politics, delivery of services, and land management |
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| are you gonna get a good grade? |
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| the process that makes culture through learned behaviors (people aren't born knowing their culture) |
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| something that stands for something else |
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| cultures can be best understood by examining the patterns of child rearing and considering their effect on adult lives and social institutions |
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| a perspective that describes the systems of organization and classification used by individual cultures |
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| focuses on the relationship between the mind and society |
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| focuses on the relationships between humans and plants in different cultures |
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| examines the way in which people in different cultures understand health and sicknesses as well as the ways they attempt to cure disease |
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| those who try to understand a culture by discovering and analyzing the symbols that are most important to its members |
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| culture can be analyzed using the tools of literature by this |
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| those who study the relationships among different aspects of culture |
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| ecological functionalists |
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| those who focus on the relationship between enviornment and society |
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| shared ideas about the way things ought to be done-rules of behavior that reflect and enforce culture |
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| shared ideas about what is true, right, and beautiful |
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| groups within a single society that share norms and values significantly different from those of the dominant culture |
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| the focus on culture as a shared set of norms and values and values is often associated with the American anthropologists of the first half of the 20th century |
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| those who hold that culture is a context in which norms and values are contested and negotiated |
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| a change in the biological structure or lifeways of an individual or population by which it becomes better fitted to survive and reproduce in its enviornment |
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| the ability to change behavior-has allowed human beings to thrive under a wide variety of social and ecological conditions |
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| a focus on the adaptive aspect of culture |
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| an object, a way of thinking, or a way of behaving that is new because it is qualitatively different from existing forms |
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| innovations tend to move from one culture to another |
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| the belief that one's own culture is better than any other |
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| suspend judgement in order to understand the logic and dynamics of other cultures |
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| the gathering and interpretation of information based on intensive firsthand study |
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| the feeling of alientation, lonlieness, and isolation common to one who has been placed in a new culture |
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| the attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena |
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| a basic set of principles, conditions, and rules that form the foundation of all languages |
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| agreement of what words mean |
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| constantly creating new words |
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| the human's ability to speak about different times and places |
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| the human's ability to speak about different times and places |
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| a system of creating words from sounds |
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| a system that relates words to meanings |
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| a system of rules for combining words into meaningful sentences |
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| the total set of sounds found in human language |
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| the sounds used in language |
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| smallest unit of speech that has meaning |
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| the total stock of words in a language |
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| the study of the relationship between language and culture |
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| belief that we perceive the world in certain ways because we talk about the world in certain ways |
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| the study and analsis of touch |
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| the study of cultural understandings of time |
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| body position, movement, facial expressions, and gaze |
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| a change in sound of English |
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| what is formed when 2 societies of different languages combine |
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| a language composed of elements of two or more different languages (the native language) |
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| a statistical technique that uses the idea that core vocabularies change at a predicatable rate to estimate the date of seperation of related languages |
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| ways of transforming the material resources of the enviornment into food |
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| fishing, hunting, and collecting vegetables |
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| involves that care of demesticated herd animals, whose dairy and meat products are a major part of the diet |
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| (extensive cultivation) the production of plants using a simple, nonmechanized technology |
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| (intensive cultivation) involves the production of food using the plow, draft animals, and more complex techniques of water and soil control |
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| invoves the use of machine technology and chemical processes for the production of food and other goods |
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| the great movement of resources, capital, and population, as the world has gradually been drawn into the global economy |
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