Term
| 5 types of Corporate Political Participation |
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Definition
Political involvement
Lobbying
PACs
Coalition Building
Political Strategy |
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Term
| 3 levels of Business Political Involvement |
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Definition
3: executive participation, involvement with industry working groups, and public policy development
2: organizational lobbyist, employee grassroots involvement, stockholders and customers encouraged involvement
1: contribution to PACS and support of trade associations |
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Term
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Definition
| gain legislative support for an objective, retain reinforcement of established policy, targetting election |
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Term
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Definition
| making or changing legislation, government policy, decision, appointment to boards, etc |
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Term
| 4 things business lobbyists do |
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Definition
1. frequent issues will lead to lobbying of a business association like American Bankers
2. frequent issues that affect the firm particularily will lead to use of corporate lobbyists that are loyal to the firm and take long term perspective
3. Rare issue that affects company in a unique manner leads to contract lobbyist who are very knowledgeable about government process
4. Unusual affect on many businesses leads to ad hoc issue coalition |
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Term
| Trade associations used in lobbying when... |
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Definition
| nonmarket issues occur that have similar impacts on members |
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Term
| Trade Association market and nonmarket functions |
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Definition
market-collection of industry statistics, develop standards, and research
nonmarket-reduce costs of colective action, expecially through info acquisition |
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Term
| Mangers have become more active in lobbying and formulating nonmarket strategies recently |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| has grown alot and often used with media |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of data and predictions about consequences of alternative policy |
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Term
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Definition
| pertains to impact of an alternative on the constituents or policy interests of an officeholder |
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Term
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Definition
mobilizing the "grassroots" or individual citizens who are directly affected
could be letter writing, sending constituents to Washington, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| use internet to amass grassroot support |
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Term
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Definition
| connection between constituents and elected reps. also a component of a broader representation strategy |
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Term
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Definition
| components of representation strategy and are intended to develop public support |
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Term
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Definition
| involves providing info to stakeholders on the significance of an issue and helping to reduce participation costs |
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Term
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Definition
| Political Action Committee-like minded business using financial resources to influence government |
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Term
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Definition
pro-businesses can organize campaign contribution
con-expect something in return other than good government, leads to different treatment of those who give vs those who dont |
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Term
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Definition
| contribution made to political parties instead of political canidates |
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Term
| Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 |
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Definition
defines lobbyist as anyone whoh either spends 20% of his or her time lobbying members of congress, etc or is paid more than $5000 in six months for such work
Also forces lobbyists to report their clients, lobbying issues, and Chamber of Commerce etc |
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Term
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Definition
| pertain not only to those cases in which a firm is defendant but also when a legal action is initiated as part of nonmarket strategy |
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Term
| Judicial actions taken in_____and governed through____ |
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Definition
state and federal
statutory and common law |
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Term
| Criticisms of business lobbying |
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Definition
| seen as unethical, too powerful, gives unequal government access and costs of lobbying is passed to consumers |
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