Term
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Definition
| states that al living things are made of one or more cells, the cell is the smallest unit of life, and all new cells come from preexisting cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that forms from joining many small molecules together. |
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nucleic acid
(such as DNA) |
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Definition
| a macromolecule that forms when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together. (such as DNA, contains the genetic information for a cell) |
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Term
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Definition
| a long chain of amino acid molecules; contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |
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Term
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Definition
| a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water. |
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Term
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Definition
| a macromolecule made up of one or more sugar molecules, which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; usually the body's major souce of energy. |
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Term
| (What is the main ingredient in every cell?) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| a stiff structure outside the cell membrane that protects a cell from attack by viruses and other harmful organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| the liquid part of a cell inside te cell membrane; contains salts and other molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| a network of threadlike proteins joined together that gives a cell its shape and helps it move. |
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Term
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Definition
| membrane-surrounded component of a eukaryotic cell with a specialized function. |
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Definition
| part of a eukaryotic, cell that directs cell activity and contains genetic information stored in DNA. |
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Term
| chloroplast (KLOR uh plast) |
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Definition
| a membrane-bound organelle that ses light energy and makes food- a sugar called glucose- from water and carbon dioxide in a process known as photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| the diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which molecules pass through a cell membrane using special proteins called transport proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substance through a cl membrane using the cell's energy. |
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Term
| endocytosis (en duh si TOH sus) |
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Definition
| the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it wth the cell membrane. |
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Term
| exocytosis (ek soh si TOH sus) |
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Definition
| the proces during which a cell's vesicles release their contents outside the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP. |
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Term
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Definition
| a process by which glucose, a sugar, is broken down into smaller molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
| a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low. |
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Term
| photosynthesis (foh toh SIHN thuh sus) |
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Definition
| a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into the foodenergy molecule glucose and give of oxyger. |
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