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| functions of the musculoskeletal system |
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protection of internal organs
support bones and ligaments
movement of muscles and bones
hematopoiesis- production of blood cells within the bone marrow
storage of fat and minerals |
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| specialty and specialist: orthopedics and orthopedist |
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| the branch of medicine involved with the prevention and corrections of deformities or diseases of the musculoskeletal system, especially those of bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, and tendons |
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| define orthopedics by breaking down the roots. how did this get its name? |
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ortho means straight and pedo means child...
originally, orthopods aligned children's bones and corrected deformities; however, they deal with people of all ages now. |
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| phalang/o on lower extremity |
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| end point of the scapula, shoulder point |
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| end of a bone, often rounded, that attaches to other bones or connective material and is covered with cartilage |
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| any bony projection to which muscles and tendons attach |
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| slight elevation on a bone's surface where muscles or ligaments attach |
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| bony extension near the upper end of the femur where muscle is attached |
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| a large elevation on the surface of a bone for the attachments of muscles or tendons |
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| rounded surface protrusion at the end of a bone |
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| opening through bone for blood vessels and nerves |
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| a groove or furrow on the surface of a bone |
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| a hollow space or cavity in a bone |
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| how do you remember atlas vs. axis |
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| the ancient Greeks thought that the God Atlas supported the heaves on his shoulders. therefore, the 1st vertebra of the cervical spine was named atlas as it supports the head. axis implies something turns on it. the axis is the second cervical vertebra in which the atlas pivots to make the "no" movement with one's head |
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| a break with no open wound |
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| open or compound fracture |
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| break with an open wound, usually from the broken bone piercing through the skin |
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| simple (hairline or closed) fracture |
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| a fracture that does not move any part of the bone out of place |
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| a separation of part of the bone and usually requires surgery for repair |
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| usually in a child's bone due to their soft, more pliable bones, an incomplete break |
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| a break that does not go entirely through any type of bone |
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| a break in which the bone is fragmented or shattered in several pieces |
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| break of the distal part of the radius |
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| involves extensive soft tissue injury |
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| when a fragment from one part of a fracture is driven into the tissue of another part |
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| occurs at a site of a bone already damaged by disease |
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| break in one or more vertebrae caused by a compressing, squishing, or squeezing of the space between the vertebrae or loss of height in a vertebral body |
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| when part of the cranium is dented in |
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| 5 categories of types of fractures involving the epiphyses (growth plates) |
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| when there is a small incomplete break through the cancellous bone, very shallow |
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